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pathology 1 > week 1 > Flashcards

week 1 Flashcards

1
Q

the science that deals with the study of disease logos (study of) and Pathos (suffering

A

Pathology

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2
Q

what do pathologists study

A

etiology and pathogenies of diseases

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3
Q

underlying causes of diseases

A

etiology

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4
Q

the mechanism that results in the manifestation of signs and symptoms in the body

A

pathogeneis

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5
Q

the study of structural changes in the body caused by disease; included both gross pathology and histopathology

A

pathological anatomy

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6
Q

the study of changes in the structure of the body that are readily seen with the unaided eye

A

gross pathology

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7
Q

the study of microscopic changes that cells, tissues, and organs undergo as a result of a disease

A

microscopic pathology (histopathology)

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8
Q

pathology of a specific disease or organ

A

special pathology

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9
Q

the study of diseases by means of body secretions, excretions, and other body fluids in the diagnosis of a disease

A

clinical pathology

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10
Q

the study of changes in the body function due to disease

A

physiological pathology

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11
Q

the study of disease to ascertain the cause and manner of death

A

medicolegal pathology (forensic pathology)

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12
Q

how many divisions of pathology are there?

A

7

  1. pathological anatomy
  2. gross pathology
  3. microscopic pathology
  4. special pathology
  5. clinical pathology
  6. physiological pathology
  7. medicolegal pathology
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13
Q

a postmortem examination of the organs and tissues of a body to determine cause of death or pathological condition (necropsy)

A

autopsy

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14
Q

what is an autopsy?

A

an investigation into the circumstances of a persons death for purposes of legal issues

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15
Q

what do autopsies tell us?

A
  1. provide community with 3 key pieces of information
    - confirm or alter the clinical diagnosis and treatment of disease
    - advance medical knowledge and research
    - routinely used to assist in medicolegal cases to determine the ID of the deceased and the specific cause and manner of death
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16
Q

any injury or disease that produces a physiological derangement in the body that results in the death of the individual

A

cause of death

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17
Q

generally classified on the death certificates as natural, homicide, suicide, accident or undetermined/unclassified

A

manner of death

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18
Q

physiological derangement produced by the cause of death that results in death

A

mechanism of death

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19
Q

the recognition of the nature of a particular disease

A

diagnosis

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20
Q

the prediction of the outcome of a particular disease

A

prognosis

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21
Q

subjective disturbances caused by a specific disease that are felt or experienced only by the patient but are not directly measurable

A

symptoms

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22
Q

objective disturbances produced by a disease that can be observed by other people

A

signs

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23
Q

a set of signs and symptoms associated with a particular disease

A

syndrome

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24
Q

any unfavorable condition arising during the course of a disease

A

complication

25
Q

defining the existence of disease (6)

A
  1. diagnosis
  2. prognosis
  3. symptoms
  4. signs
  5. syndrome
  6. complication
26
Q

describing a disease (7)

A
  1. congenital
  2. acquired
  3. idiopathic
  4. occupational
  5. nosocomial
  6. iatrogenic
  7. hereditary
27
Q

present at birth

A

congenital

28
Q

present after birth

A

acquired

29
Q

cause is unknown

A

idiopathic

30
Q

disease with an abnormally high rate of occurence in members of a particular workforce

A

occupational

31
Q

acquired in a hospital or other healthcare setting

A

nosocomial

32
Q

results from a medical treatment

A

iatrogenic

33
Q

based on genetic characteristics transmitted from parent to offspring

A

hereditary

34
Q

onset & duration (7)

A
  1. pathogenesis
  2. recurrent
  3. acute
  4. chronic
  5. fulminating
  6. exacerbation
  7. remission
35
Q

the manner in which the disease develops

A

pathogenesis

36
Q

reappearance of the symptoms of a disease after a period of remission

A

recurrent

37
Q

rapid onset and short duration

A

acute

38
Q

slow onset and long duration

A

chronic

39
Q

an acute disease with a rapid and severe onset (usually fatal)

A

fulminating

40
Q

the severity of a disease has increased

A

exacerbation

41
Q

the temporary cessation of the symptoms of a disease

A

remission

42
Q

epidemiology (4)

A
  1. endemic
  2. epidemic
  3. pandemic
  4. sporadic
43
Q

a disease that is continually present in a community

A

endemic

44
Q

a disease that is currently in higher than normal numbers

A

epidemic

45
Q

a disease that is epidemic, widespread, or even a worldwide event

A

pandemic

46
Q

a disease that occurs occasionally in a random or isolated manner

A

sporadic

47
Q

disease prevalence (3)

A
  1. prevalence
  2. mortality rate
  3. morbidity rate
48
Q

the number of cases of a disease present in a specific population at a given time

A

prevalence

49
Q

the number of deaths in a given time or place or the proportion of deaths to a population

A

mortality rate

50
Q

the relative incidence of a disease in the population or the number of cases of a disease in a given time in a given population

A

morbidity rate

51
Q

general terminology (7)

A
  1. infection
  2. communicable
  3. febrile
  4. allergy
  5. intoxication
  6. infestation
  7. deficiency
52
Q

the state or condition in which the body or a part of it is invaded by a pathogenic agent that, under favorable conditions, multiplies and produces injurious effects

A

infections

53
Q

a disease that can be transmitted directly or indirectly from one individual to another

A

communicable

54
Q

associated with a fever

A

febrile

55
Q

a hypersensitivity to a substance that does not normally cause a reaction

A

allergy

56
Q

a state of being poisoned by a drug or toxic substance

A

intoxication

57
Q

harboring of animal parasites, especially macroscopic forms like ticks or mosquitoes

A

infestation

58
Q

a lack of dietary or metabolic substance that can lead to disease

A

deficiency

pathology 1 (8 decks)

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