Week Six Flashcards
Enculturation
Processes of absorbing and internalising the rules of the culture we live in
Culture
Shared set of values, beliefs, attitudes and behaviours typifying a group of people or population
The things we learn from around us - family, friends and community
Collectivist culture
A cultural distinction that places greater value on perceptions of ‘we’ and ‘us’ or ‘the group’ over perceptions of self and ‘I’
Individualistic culture
A cultural distinction that places greater value on perceptions of self and ‘I’ over perceptions of ‘we’, ‘us’, or ‘the group’
What are the 3 different types of culture which influence a person
Distal culture (macro system) Proximate culture (micro system) Individual
What are aspects included with the distal culture
History
Social conditions
Law and politics
What are aspects included within the proximate culture
Family
Neighbourhood
School
What aspects are included within the individual culture
Age
Gender
Cultural competency
Understanding your own culture and the culture of others and having the skills to adapt your practice to be applicable to the culture of the person whom you are interacting with
Ethnocentrism
The belief that your cultural group is superior to all other groups
Xenophobia
The fear of people from a different culture
What are the universal terms of effective communication?
Respect
Caring
Listening
Attending
Enculturation
The process of absorbing and internalising the rules of the culture we live in
Integration/acculturation
Maintaining own culture but also relating to and absorbing host culture
Fusion
Combining both cultures to form a new culture
Alternation
Being bi-culturally competent, maintaining both cultures and alternating between them as necessary.
Assimilation
Giving up own culture and embracing host culture
Separation/Marginalisation
Maintaining own culture and being isolated from or failing to relate to host culture.
What are the different communication styles?
Formal
Informal
Direct
Indirect
Describe formal communication
Values silence Physical closeness Soft eye contact Minimal body language Forms, greeting High context
Describe informal communication
Avoid silence Physical distance Direct eye contact Animated body language Short greeting Low context
Describe direct communication
Individual Self-asserting Use of I Focus on what is said Disagreement is valued
Describe indirect communication
Not personal 'face' Unassuming Uses 'we' Focus on what is implied Harmony valued
Describe high context communication
Meaning is conveyed by situation and context
Describe low context communication
Meaning is conveyed verbally and is explicit (clear)
Power distance
The extent to which a culture values status and power and expect that these are distributed unequally.
Low power distance
More consultation or democracy
High power distance
Structured in a hierarchical approach to communication with those in power
Masculine cultures value…..
Assertiveness and dominance
Feminine cultures value……
Nurturing/caring and co-operation
What are the 6 models relevant to cultural training?
Cultural awareness Cultural competence Cultural safety Cultural security Trans-cultural care Cultural respect
Cultural awareness
Self-reflection on own culture and know own discrimination and stereotyping
Awareness of cultural, social and historical factors
Acquire skills to adjust behaviour with people from other cultures
Cultural competence
Developing an understanding of other cultures
Thinking within ‘other’ culture framework e.g. observing, listening, responding
Acquire skills to adapt communication to other cultural settings
