Week 9: The neural system

Question 1

What are the two categories of PNS division?

Answer 1

Afferent Efferent

Question 2

What type of neurons are afferent PNS division?

Answer 2

Sensory neurons

Question 3

What type of neurons are efferent PNS division?

Answer 3

Motor neurons

Question 4

Define sensory function

Answer 4

To sense change in the internal external environment through sensory receptors (afferent neurons)

Question 5

Define integrative function

Answer 5

To analyse the sensory information, store some aspects and make decisions (interneurons)

Question 6

Define motor function

Answer 6

To respond to stimuli by initiation of action (efferent neurons)

Question 7

How many cranial nerves are there in the brain?

Answer 7

12 pairs

Question 8

How many spinal nerves are there in the spinal cord?

Answer 8

31 pairs

Question 9

In the afferent peripheral nervous system (PNS) division, where do the impulses go to and from?

Answer 9

From the receptors to the CNS (skin to CNS)

Question 10

In the efferent peripheral nervous system (PNS) division, where do the impulses go to and from?

Answer 10

From the CNS to the effectors (CNS to muscle)

Question 11

What are interneurons?

Answer 11

Pass afferent transmission to efferent response without need for brain involvement

Question 12

What are the two types of nervous systems of the efferent division?

Answer 12

Autoomic (involuntary processes) Somatic (motor neurons)

Question 13

What is the function of the afferent neurons?

Answer 13

To sense change in the internal and external environment through sensory receptors (sensory function)

Question 14

What is the function of interneurons?

Answer 14

To analyse the sensory information store some aspects and make decisions (Integrative function)

Question 15

What is the function of the efferent neurons?

Answer 15

To respond to stimuli by initiation of action (motor function)

Question 16

What are the two types of main tissue?

Answer 16

Neurons Neurogila

Question 17

Neurons are the __________ of the nervous system?

Answer 17

Functional units

Question 18

What do neurons do?

Answer 18

Convert stimuli to nerve impulses

Question 19

What is the function of the neurogila?

Answer 19

Protect and support the neurons

Question 20

What are the two components of the motor unit?

Answer 20

Alpha-motorneuron Muscle fibres innervated by the alpha-motorneuron

Question 21

How are the type I muscle fibres described?

Answer 21

Slow

Question 22

How are the type IIa muscle fibres described?

Answer 22

Fatigue resistant

Question 23

How are the type IIb muscle fibres described?

Answer 23

Fast fatiguing

Question 24

How many alpha-motorneurons is each muscle fibre connected to?

Answer 24

One

Question 25

Label the diagram and describe its function

Answer 25

Dendrites Picking up signals

Question 26

Label A and describe its function

Answer 26

Axon hillock Nerve impulse generated (initiation of the action potential takes place)

Question 27

Label B and describe its function

Answer 27

Axon Carriers electrical impulse away from cell body

Question 28

What is the myelin sheath?

Answer 28

A fatty substance that surround the axon of some nerve cells, forming an electrical insulator

Question 29

What are the four nerve fibre groups?

Answer 29

A-alpha A-beta A-delta C

Question 30

What nerve fibres are myelinated?

Answer 30

A-alpha A-beta A-delta

Question 31

How does the size of the fibre effect the conduction velocity?

Answer 31

Larger the size the faster the velocity

Question 32

What type of structural classification of neuron is this?

Answer 32

Multipolar neuron

Question 33

What type of structural classification of neuron is this?

Answer 33

Bipolar neuron

Question 34

What type of structural classification of neuron is this?

Answer 34

Unipolar neuron

Question 35

What is the resting membrane potential?

Answer 35

-70 mV

Question 36

What determines the action potential of the membrane?

Answer 36

The concentration of ions inside and outside the cell (Na+ and Cl-)

Question 37

Label the action potential graph

Answer 37

Depolarisation Repolarisation Hyperpolarisation

Question 38

What are the two types of signal summation?

Answer 38

Spatial summation Temporal summation