Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Human physiology > Week 5: Thermoregulatory systems > Flashcards

Week 5: Thermoregulatory systems Flashcards

1
Q

What is our internal (core) body temperature?

A

36.5 - 37.5 oC

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Regarding core temperature, what are humans?

A

Homeotherms

Endotherms

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What are the features of homeotherms?

A

Constant and regulated internal temperature

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What are the features of endotherms?

A

Generate heat internally

Maintain high basal heat production

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What is hypothermia?

A

Low body temperature

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What body temperature does hypothermia occur?

A

<35.0oC

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What happens if you have hypothermia?

A

Impaired movement
Coordination
Speech
Cognition

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What is hyperthermia?

A

High body temperature

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What temperature does hyperthermia occur?

A

> 38.0 oC

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What causes hyperthermia?

A

Exercise or fever

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What temperature does damage to cells occur?

A

> 42.0 oC

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What effects skin temperature?

A

Ambient temp
Distance from core
Skin blood flow

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What is specific heat capacity?

A

The amount of energy required to raise the temperature of a given substance by 1oC

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

How much heat energy does 1 litre of O2 consumption produce?

A

20 Kj

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What is the law of conversation of energy?

A

Energy can neither be created of destroyed: It can only be transformed from one state to another

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What type of reaction is it when we liberate chemical energy from food?

A

Exothermic

17
Q

What type of reaction is it when we resynthesise ATP?

A

Endothermic

18
Q

What are the two types of heat production?

A

Voluntary

Involuntary

19
Q

Provide an example of voluntary heat production

A

Exercise

20
Q

Provide an example of involuntary heat production

A

Shivering

Action of hormones

21
Q

What hormones are released to produce heat?

A

Thyroxine

Catecholamines

22
Q

How is heat gained externally?

A

Sky thermal radiation
Solar radiation
Ground radiation

23
Q

How is heat lost?

A

Conduction
Convection
Radiation
Sweat evaporation

24
Q

What is thermal gradient?

A

Heat transfer is always from higher to lower temperatures

25
Q

What is conduction?

A

Heat transfer from the body to an object with direct contact (about 3% at rest)

26
Q

What is convection?

A

Heat transfer to or from air or water (about 12% at rest)

27
Q

What is radiation?

A

Transfer of heat in the form of electromagnetic waves

28
Q

What is evaporation?

A

Vaporisation of sweat from water to vapour

29
Q

How much heat do we lose per one gram of sweat?

A

2.41KJ

30
Q

Where is sweat released from?

A

The sweat glands

31
Q

What is sweat stimulated by?

A

Sympathetic nervous system

32
Q

What three things influence evaporation?

A

Temperature
Convective currents
Skin exposure

33
Q

How does hyperhermia effect sprint/power performance?

A

Improves it

34
Q

How does hyperhermia improve sprint/power performance?

A 
Decreases resistance of muscles/joints
Faster nerve conduction velocity
Improvement in muscle contractile elements
Faster metabolic rate
Increased SNS activity
35
Q

How does hyperthermia effect endurance performance?

A

Impairs it

36
Q

How does hyperthermia effect repeated sprint performance?

A

Impairs it

37
Q

What are the cognitive consequences of hyperthermia?

A 
Fatigue perception increase
Scanning vigilance 
Reaction time
Attention
Visual motor tracking
38
Q

What are the effects of heat acclimation?

A

Body temp will be lower at a given heat
Sweat rate increases and sweat becomes more dilute
Skin blood flow is reduced, more blood to muscles
Blood volume increases or does not decrease
SV maintained

Human physiology (11 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions