week 9 intelligence

Question 1

What is necessary for a behaviour to be considered intelligent?

Answer 1

Intelligence is an adaptive behaviour by an organism in response to its environment. It is not innate. There may be genetic components. it may be passed on socially. It evolves. It is biological.

Question 2

List the components of Gardner’s model of intelligence.

Answer 2

1.language skills (can read and write to a purpose)
2.Visuospatial (being able to recognise where objects fit in eg. jigsaws
3.Musical (being able to compose music to reflect mood)
4.mathematical(think logically and problem solve)
5.kinaesthetic-to be a champion at sport
6,interpersonal-to be able to relate and communicate with others
7.intrapersonal-self reflect and recognise one’s shortcomings

Question 3

What are the challenges of Gardner’s model?

Answer 3

most components difficult to measure therefore hard to rate people

Question 4

The CHC model is based on what statistical procedure?

Answer 4

factor analysis.(reduces many variables to less variables and therfore more meaningful)

Question 5

list components of the CHC model

Answer 5

Gf=fluid intelligence. could include musical,artistic,ability to find water, etc
Gc=crstalized intelligence. book learning etc. is mainly this.
Gv=visual processing skills
Gs=speed of processing
Gq=quantitativeprocessing(ability to use and apply maths)

Question 6

What is the G in the CHC model?

Answer 6

=in general=ingeneral there is a fluid component and a crystallized component but where the line is, is blurred

Question 7

What is an advantage of theCHC model over Gardners?

Answer 7

CHC developed following statistical derivation of factor analysis to reduce variability. This has then led to IQ testing which is somewhat comparable between individuals.

Question 8

what does IQ stand for?

Answer 8

Intelligence quotient. The number used to represent a person’s cognitive ability.

Question 9

Who came up with the first measures of IQ?

Answer 9

Alfred Binet and Theodore Simon. Standford then modified, and this led to Standford-Binet Intelligence Scales, an IQ test designed to identify young children with cognitive disability

Question 10

How was the original method of IQ calculation calculated?

Answer 10

IQ ratio=((mental age)/(actual age))x100

Question 11

What is the modern IQ Deviation?

Answer 11

Measures against a standardised cohort from the population

Question 12

List the modern IQ parameters

Answer 12

mean score =100. Standard deviation is 15.

Question 13

IQ test broadly measures Gc. What other innate unmeasured variables are there?

Answer 13

Culture, education, how a person was feeling in general on the day

Question 14

what are the domains that modern IQ tests measure?

Answer 14

verbal ability,visuospatial ability, working memory, processing speed

Question 15

What component of an IQ test is most sensitive to the effects of education?

Answer 15

verbal ability(therefore uneducated, verbal disabilityeg.deafness etcare more likely to test poorly on standardised IQ tests)

Question 16

What brain regions play a part in IQ tests?

Answer 16

a) visual/auditory cortex(verbal ability)
b) motor cortex (speechetc)
c) temporal lobes
d) oculomotor cortex,parietal lobes (visuospatial ability)
e) dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (working memory)
f) dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (processing speed)

Question 17

Who can buy an implement Stanford-binet 5th edition Weschler intelligence tests in Australia? Why?

Answer 17

Registered psychologist.Prevents mass distribution. Requires knowledge to conduct and assess.Test is standardised and repeatable.

Question 18

What are IQ tests good for?

Answer 18

Assessing an individual’s strengths and weaknesses in cognition. might be helpful for career advice etc. Also good to identify children who need additional help in schooling.

Question 19

List some misuses of IQ tests

Answer 19

1. To argue for a race’s superiority/inferiority(actually just a cultural bias)
2. US gov used it as a right to manditarily sterilise criminals

Question 20

What were the issue with historical IQ testing?

Answer 20

Not standardising to target population. Cultural bias.

Question 21

Challenges of modern IQ tests:

Answer 21

1. Is there cultural bias?
2. Is there educational bias?
3. Are there disabilities which make the test harder for individual?
4. requires specialist training to conduct
5. requires protecting from mass distribution.

Question 22

In IQ testing which tasks are likely to have the most or least bias?

Answer 22

Quantitative processing (mathematical acuity) least biased. Verbal acuity most biased as highly culturally dependent.Fluid intelligence far more difficult to assess to a standard

Question 23

Why aren’t there more animals as intelligent as humans?

Answer 23

The human brain, esp forebrain is more complex. It is hard to find a species equalling our language complexity, ability for abstract thought or awareness of the future.