week 3 emotion and motivation Flashcards
hps111
List the 3 elements of an emotion
- Affective component (feelings)
- Behaviour component
- Cognitive component(thinking) (ABC)
What is the difference between an Expressive behaviour and an Instrumental one?
An Expressive behaviour signals the emotion we are feeling eg smile,frowning.
An Instrumental behaviour does something about the emotion we are feeling eg honk car horn in anger
What is the difference between an Affect and a Mood?
Affect refers to right now, a Mood is more of a prolonged average of feeling over time.
Why are the common base emotions considered to be fairly primitive psychologically speaking?
Because they are fairly easy to recognise across different cultures (indicating common ancient root(biology and genetics).
What are “Cultural Display Rules”?
Rules which emphasise which emotions should be expressed more or less. Usually learnt via modelling and based on rewards/punishment.
What is a “drive”?
A primitive emotion which has innate pressures for us to do something. eg Eat, Prey Love
According to Evolutionary Psychology, why do we experience Romantic Jealousy?
To maximise reproductive outcomes. Men more sensitive to cues of sexual infielity and women more sensitive to cues of emotional infidelity. An eg of a Divergent Prediction.
What does it mean to say emotions are “physiologically adaptive”?
Emotions can cause physiological responses (and these responses may be beneficial to survival). eg fear and surprise-the eyes widen, allowing in more light and eg. disgust, face screws up to limit aspiration of noxious particles.
What are the 2 reasons we are thought to express emotions?
- To enable our survival.eg. Physiologically adaptive
2. To aid the survival of others/the group as a whole. ie Social Signalling.
Briefly explain why some consider morality to be a type of social disgust?
Similar areas of the brain seem to be involved in pathogen disgust and socio-moral disgust. This process may have started as an urge to get away from incest(incest would have decreased reproductive fitness).
Explain the different pathways of the Fast Fear Response and the Slow Fear Response.
Fast fear= thalamus then amygdala
Slow fear=thalamus then cortex then amygdala.
Briefly outline the James-Lange Theory
Your body reacts to a stimulus, then based on those reactions, you decide how you feel. Works ok for Fast Fear Responses
Briefly outline the Cannon-Bard Theory.
A stimulus causes both a physiological response AND our cognition of them AT THE SAME TIME. Also doesn’t seem to hold all the time.
Briefly outline the Schachter-Singer-2-Factor Theory of Emotion
Emotion consists of 1. the Arousal (physiological response)
and 2. Tha Appraisal (cognitive labelling)
Briefly outline the Circumplex model of Emotion
Activation=Arousal and Valance=Appraisal.
Arousal may be high or low level.
Valance may be positive or negative
Emotion = sum of Activation and Valance.
