Week 9 Flashcards
What are the psychological determinants?
Motivations - self determination theory
Confidence - self efficacy theory
Beliefs - theory of planned behaviour
What is the transtheoretical model?
Developed by Prochaska & Diclimente (1982)
Based on a comparative analysis of leading behaviour change theories
Initially developed for smoking cessation
What are the stages of readiness in the behaviour change continuum?
Decisional balance - cost benefit analysis of changing behaviour
Self efficacy - confidence in capability to adopt and maintain behaviour
Processes of change - cognitive and behavioural strategies that contribute to readiness to change.
What are the stages of change in the transtheoretical model?
Pre contemplation - not considering exercise
Contemplation - considering exercise
Preparation - deciding to start exercising
Action - exercising <6m
Maintenance - exercising >6m
Relapse - recently stopped exercising
Termination - 100% self efficacy no temptation to relapse
What is the Decisional balance?
Cost benefit analysis - perceived benefits vs perceived cons
Pre-contemplation - cons outweigh pros
Contemplation - cons and pros are equal
Later stages - pros outweigh cons
What is the difference between adoption and maintenance self efficacy?
Adoption - confidence to attempt change
Situation specific confidence of making behavioural change
Maintenance - resistance to temptation
Ability to maintain behaviour change across high risk situations without relapse
What are the processes of change?
Mechanisms/strategies that people use to help them change behaviour
Some processes target cognitive aspects and some behavioural
Specific processes used at different stages (cognitive in early stages, behavioural in later stages)
What are cognitive processes (in context of processes of change?
Consciousness raising (awareness) - magazine article on risk of inactivity
Dramatic relief (emotional response) - inactive relative has heart attack
Environmental reevaluation (social consequences) - setting good example for family member
Social liberation (social norms) - dedicated classes for older adults
Self reevaluation (self identity) - wanting an active and fit image
What are behavioural processes (in context of processes of change?
Self liberation (commitments) - having a bet with friend about exercise
Counter conditioning (substitution) - meeting friend for all instead of coffee
Helping relationships (social support) - arranging to exercise with friends
Reinforcement management (rewards/punishment) - planning a reward for completing exercise
Stimulus control (reengineering) - keeping trainers near door as a reminder
What were the conclusions of a systematic review of 150 studies of exercise based on transtheoretical model?
Stage membership was predicted by self efficacy, Decisional balance, and use of processes of change
Stage matched interventions led to forward stage progression and/or increased exercise behaviour
