Week 6 Flashcards
What is amotivation?
Absence of motivation
What is extrinsic motivation?
Motivated by reward/avoiding punishment
What is intrinsic motivation?
Motivated by Inherent pleasure/satisfaction
What is self determination theory?
Humans have 3 innate psychological needs;
Autonomy - being the origin of own actions
Competence - feeling effective at performing actions
Relatedness - feeling connected to others
Needs satisfaction leads to self determined behaviour
What is cognitive evaluation theory?
Factors undermining intrinsic motivation;
- autonomy and competence
- influential role of extrinsic factors
Intrinsically motivated behaviour –> extrinsic factors (e.g. cash prize) –> changes to autonomy/competence –> future intrinsic motivation
What is over justification effect?
Initially introducing extrinsic reward increased motivation but once reward taken, motivation reduced to below initial levels.
What are the impacts of controlling rewards (becomes reason for the behaviour)
Effect on basic needs - diminishing autonomy
Effects on intrinsic motivation - damage
Effects on future behaviour - decline if reward removed/reduced
What are the impacts of informational rewards (provide feedback on progress)
Effect on basic needs - enhance or diminish confidence
Effects on intrinsic motivation - protect, enhance or damage
Effects on future behaviour - maintain if satisfies competence but decline if undermined
What is the threshold of autonomy?
Identified regulation
Change from being very controlling to more autonomous
What are the components of extrinsic regulation?
Integrated regulation - consistent with core values
Identified regulation - accept important for achieving goals
Introjected regulation - internal control (guilt/approval)
External regulation - external control (reward/threat)
What is basic psychological needs theory?
Environmental support that leads to needs satisfaction
- autonomy support
- competence support (or structure)
- relatedness support (or interpersonal involvement)
What is autonomy support?
Providing choice
Giving responsibility
Acknowledging perspective of participant
Minimising pressure, demands, rewards
What is competence support?
Explaining behaviour - outcome link
Clear expectations, appropriate challenges
Timely, informative, positive feedback
What is relatedness support?
Individual attention
Emotional support, empathy
Opportunities to get to know others
What is a needs supportive environment - autonomy support
Provide choice - options about once, frequency, type of exercise
Accommodate exercisers perspective - be open to complaints and respond in a positive manner
