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Physiology 1 > Week 9 > Flashcards

Week 9 Flashcards

1
Q

What controls Skeletal muscle Blood flow?

A
  • SYM innervation
  • Local metabolites
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2
Q

What control dominates at Rest in Skeletal muscle flow?

A

SYM inneravtion
- a1: NE, Vasoconstriction (dominant)
- B2: E, Vasodilation (fight-flight)

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3
Q

What control dominates during Exercise in Skeletal muscle flow?

A

Local Metabolites

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4
Q

Functional Hyperemia

A

Increase in tissue perfusion due to presence of Metabolites

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5
Q

Reactive Hyperemia

A

Increase in tissue perfusion following short period of Ischemia

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6
Q

Skeletal Blood flow REST

A

1L / min
(20% of CO)

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7
Q

Skeletal Blood flow EXERSISE

A

20 - 30L / min

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8
Q

Skeletal Blood flow AVDO2
(rest & exercise)

A
  • Rest: 60ml / L
  • Exercise: 150ml / L
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9
Q

Splanchnic Circulation Flow rate (Qs)

A

1500ml / min

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10
Q

Which local metabolites trigger vasodilation in skeletal muscle during exercise?

A

Decreased pO2, increased pCO2, increased lactate (decreased pH), increased K+, and increased adenosine (from ATP metabolism).

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11
Q

2 main functions of splanchnic circulation?

A
  • Site of adjustable resistance
  • Major reservoir of blood
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12
Q

How do local hormones like CCK and Neurotensin affect splanchnic blood flow?

A

Increase local blood flow.
(especially after meals, to support digestion and nutrient absorption)

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13
Q

What is postprandial circulation in the splanchnic system?

A

Increase in blood flow to the GI tract (after a meal) to support metabolic needs and nutrient absorption
(7-8x increase)

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14
Q

What controls Blood flow in coronary circulation? (+ most importrant)

A

Local Metabolites
MOST IMPORTANTLY Adenosine & Hypoxia

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15
Q

Coronary Blood flow (Qc)

A
  • Resting: 200 - 250ml / min
    (5% of CO 5.6L/min)
  • Exercise: 1250ml / min
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16
Q

Coronary AVDO2

A
  • Resting: 120 - 130ml / L
  • Exercise: 900 - 1200ml / L
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17
Q

O2 consumption of Heart

A

30ml /min

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18
Q

When does most Coronary circulation take place?

A

Diastole
80% of Coronary circulation

19
Q

Myogenic Mechanism

A
  • Increased pressure, Vasoconstriction, less perfusion
  • Decreased pressure, Vasodilation, more perfusion
20
Q

What controls Blood flow in Brain circulation? (+ most importrant)

A

Local Metabolites
CO2 & H+ by central chemoceptors

21
Q

Cerebral Circulation Blood flow (QB)

A

750 - 800ml / min
(15% of CO)

22
Q

Cerebral Circulation AVDO2

A

60ml / L

23
Q

What volumes are always constant in the Skull?

A
  • Brain Tissue Volume
  • Blood Volume
  • CSF Volume
24
Q

What Glut transporter is in the brain?

A

GLUT-1

25
Q

CSF Volume

A

150 ml

26
Q

CSF Production in a day

A

550ml / day

27
Q

CSF compared to Blood

A
  • Lower K+
  • Lower Protein Content
  • Lower pH
28
Q

CSF Pressure

A

100 mmH2O

29
Q

How much O2 provided by lungs

A

240 - 280 ml / min

30
Q

How much CO2 eliminated by lungs

A

190 - 220 ml / min

31
Q

ACE1

A

Converts Angiotensin I to Angiotensin II
VASOCONSTRICTION

32
Q

ACE2

A

Converts Angiotensin II to Angiotensin (1-7)
VASODILATION

33
Q

Dichotomous division of Lungs

A

20 - 23 divisions (2^20-23)

34
Q

First division of Lungs

A

1 - 17
No gas exchange
(Conducting/Dead zone)

35
Q

Second division of Lungs

A

17 - 23
Gas exchange
(Respiratory/Alveolar space)

36
Q

How many alveoli? (area)

A

300 million
70 - 90 m2

37
Q

Type I Pneumocytes

A

Surface
(Gas exchange)

38
Q

Type II Pneumocytes

A

Surfactant

39
Q

What does Vital capacity consist of?

A
  • IRV
  • TV
  • ERV
40
Q

What makes up Total Lung capacity

A
  • Vital Capacity (IRV, ERV, TV)
  • RV
41
Q

What makes up Functional Residual Capacity (FRC)

A
  • ERV
  • RV
42
Q

Tidal Volume (ml)

A

500 ml

43
Q

Peak Expiratory Flow Rate (PEFR)

A

8L / sec

44
Q

Intrapleural Pressure

A

REST -2 cm H2O
INH -5 cm H2O

Physiology 1 (12 decks)

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