Week 8 Vocabulary

Question 1

DNA Gyrase

Answer 1

Replaces supercoils ahead of replisome

Question 2

Origin-binding protein

Answer 2

Binds origin of replication to open double helix

Question 3

Helicase

Answer 3

Unwinds double helix at replication fork

Question 4

Single-strand Binding Protein

Answer 4

Prevents single strands from annealing

Question 5

Primase

Answer 5

Primes new strands of DNA

Question 6

DNA polymerase III

Answer 6

Main polymerizing enzyme

Question 7

DNA polymerase I

Answer 7

Excises RNA primer and fills in the gaps

Question 8

Proofreading subunit

Answer 8

Proofreading

Question 9

DNA ligase

Answer 9

Seals nicks in DNA

Question 10

Tus Protein

Answer 10

Binds terminus and blocks progress of the replication fork

Question 11

Topoisomerase IV

Answer 11

Unlinking of interlocked circles

Question 12

mRNA

Answer 12

Contains the instructions to make proteins

Question 13

tRNA

Answer 13

Carries amino acids to the ribosome

Question 14

rRNA

Answer 14

Helps translate the information in mRNA into a protein

Question 15

DnaA

Answer 15

initiation of duplication of the bacterial chromosome from a specific site, the origin of replication

Question 16

DnaB

Answer 16

unwinds the parental double-stranded (ds) DNA and thereby provides the ssDNA templates for DNA polymerase and primase activity

Question 17

Exonuclease

Answer 17

enzymes that work by cleaving nucleotides one at a time from the end (exo) of a polynucleotide chain