Post Translational Modifications

Question 1

What happens during protein maturation?

Answer 1

Folding
Post-translational modifications
Complex formation
Localization

Question 2

What are chaperone proteins?

Answer 2

Help proteins fold properly
They protect cells from thermal damage
Aid in the transport of proteins across membranes

Question 3

What are some examples of post-translational modifications?

Answer 3

Acetylation
Methylation 
Phosphorylation 
Glycosylation 
Uridylylation 
Proteolysis 
Prosthetic group 

They change the activity, localization, stability, and binding partners of a protein

Question 4

What is the sec system?

Answer 4

Transports unfolded proteins through the membrane and help integral membrane proteins fold
Requires an N-terminal signal sequence
Requires ATP hydrolysis

Question 5

What is the Tat system?

Answer 5

Transports folded proteins through the membrane
Requires an N-terminal signal sequence
Requires proton motive force

Question 6

What are the type II and V secretion systems?

Answer 6

Require Sec/Tat

Found in most bacteria

Question 7

What is the type I secretion system?

Answer 7

ABC transporter

Question 8

Why would we want to export proteins?

Answer 8

Obtain nutrients
Protection
Attachment
Biofilm formation

Question 9

What is the type III secretion system?

Answer 9

Commonly used by pathogenic bacteria
Injects toxins directly into host cells
Requires ATP

Question 10

What is the type IV secretion system?

Answer 10

Some can secrete proteins into other cells
Most are type IV pili to transfer DNA
Requires ATP

Question 11

What is the type VI secretion system?

Answer 11

Secretes proteins directly into other cells for biological warfare
Requires ATP