Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Microbiology 265 > Week 1 Vocabulary > Flashcards

Week 1 Vocabulary Flashcards

1
Q

Viroid

A

Smallest infectious particle

Short, circular DNA

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Virus

A

Protein-rich molecules with RNA/DNA and a lipid coating

Acellular

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Prion

A

Protein that is infectious

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Prokaryote

A

No membrane around the DNA

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Eukaryote

A

Have DNA within a membrane

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Archaea

A

Similar in size and shape to bacteria

Transcription/translation/metabolism more similar to eukaryotes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Bacteria

A

The original prokaryote

Most have a peptidoglycan cell wall and a nucleoid

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Fungi

A

Yeasts, moulds, mushrooms

Incredibly diverse

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Algae

A

Photosynthetic aquatic organisms

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Protozoa

A

Free-living or parasitic eukaryotic microorganisms that feed on organic matter

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Photosynthetic Organism

A

Use light to make energy

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Ribosome

A

Used for protein synthesis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Nucleus

A

A membrane-enclosed organelle that contains the cell’s DNA

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Nucleoid

A

An aggregated mass of DNA that makes up the chromosomes of prokaryotic cells

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Cytoplasm

A

The fluid portion of a cell

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Cytoplasmic Membrane

A

A semi-permeable membrane that separates the interior of the cell from its external environment

17
Q

Cell Wall

A

Rigid later outside of the cytoplasmic membrane

The structural strength of a cell

18
Q

Mitochondrion

A

Generates energy for the cell

19
Q

Nuclear Membrane

A

The double membrane that encloses the nucleus

20
Q

Endoplasmic Reticulum

A

Produces proteins

21
Q

Golgi Complex

A

Packages and sends molecules off to their destinations

22
Q

Evolution

A

Chance mutations that cause new cells to have new properties

23
Q

Horizontal Gene Transfer

A

Cells exchanging genes

24
Q

Motility

A

Self-propulsion

25
Q

Catabolism

A

Transforming molecules to produce energy and building blocks

26
Q

Anabolism

A

Synthesizing macromolecules

27
Q

Coccus

A

Spherical bacteria

28
Q

Rod

A

Bacteria that look like rods

29
Q

Spirillum

A

Spiral-shaped bacteria

30
Q

Spirochete

A

Helical-shaped bacteria

31
Q

Stalk

A

Bacteria that has a stalk sticking out of it

32
Q

Filamentous

A

Bacteria that look like filaments

33
Q

Unicellular

A

Performs all of the life functions for itself

34
Q

Multicellular

A

Has cells that depend on other cells for survival

35
Q

LUCA

A

The last common ancestor between bacteria, archaea, and eukarya

36
Q

Ribozyme

A

An RNA enzyme that catalyzes chemical reactions

37
Q

Organelle

A

Cell organ

38
Q

Liposome

A

RNA found inside of liposomes may have been prehistoric cells

39
Q

Endosymbiotic Theory

A

Mitochondria and chloroplasts originated as endosymbionts

Microbiology 265 (26 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions