Week 8 (T) Flashcards
Healthy Public Policy
includes all major areas of policy that are the responsibility of democratic governments
areas of policy that are the responsibility of democratic governments
- employment
- welfare
- education
- transport
- food
- health and social services
Helsinki Statement:
Heath in All Policies (HiAP) should be a major societal goal of governments
HiAP
approach to policymaking that recognized that health inequalities and determinants of health are not found just in the health sector, but across different sectors
- means health and health equality should be considered in all policies
HiAP - Helsinki Statement - Ecuador Action
The National Good Living Plan
- development and implementation of social policies in Ecuador
HiAP - Helsinki Statement - Sweden Action
- Reducing Road Facilities
- ex. of how a government agency that is not normally associated with heath sector (Swedish Road and Traffic Safety Agency), contributed significantly to improved population health
HiAP - Helsinki Statement - Thailand Action
Inserting Health Concerns into Intellectual Property Legislation
- health concerns of civil society can feed into the policy process in both health and trade sectors
HiAP - Helsinki Statement - International Action
- Framework Convention on Tobacco Control
- first treaty negotiated under the auspices of the WHO
Health Impact Assessment
documents that summarize research and consultation with stakeholders to assess the health effects of various policy options
- major step in HiAp
purpose of the health impact assessment
- health promoting policies can be implemented
- policies that harm health can be avoided
screening stage of HIA (1)
assessing whether a project of policy is likely to pose significant health questions and therefore whether it is worth doing an HIA
scoping stage of HIA (2)
Outlining the possible hazards and benefits and the questions that should be asked in the HIA
major goal of a healthy public policy
to modify the physical and social environment to “make the healthy choice the easy choice”
ex. children who go to school where soda vending machine are available are more likely to drink soda than children who attend schools without vending machines
ladder of intervention
policies related to health are placed on a gradient of varying levels of intervention
- shows how policy options range from doing nothing to eliminating choice altogether
bottom to top of the ladder of intervention
- do nothing or monitor current situation
- provide information
- enable choice
- guide choice through changing the default
- guide choice through incentives
- guide choice through discentives
- restrict choice
- eliminate choice
guide choice through changing the default
make “healthier” choices the default option
guide choice through incentives
use financial and other incentives to guide people to pursue certain activities
guide choice through discentives
use financial or other disincentives to influence people to not pursue certain activities
resrict choice
regulate to restrict options available to people
neoliberalism
favour individual freedoms and eschew (avoid) government regulations and mandates
neoliberalism view
policies that infringe on individual liberty lead to a “nanny state”
- where the government tells people what to do and people become dependent on the government
policies most likely to promote health
those that eliminate choice entirely, but may be politically unpopular
example of policies most likely to promote health
Queens implementing a policy that prohibits alcohol use in student residences during O-week
- fewer alcohol-related injuries among first-years
BUT - some might see this policy the university restricting student’s freedom
policies least likely to promote health
doing nothing or monitoring the situation
- often easier politically
example of policies least likely to promote health
- ex. the North American opioid overdose crisis led for advocates to call for the government to provide a safe supply of opiates like heroin to people who use them
- so people don’t do laced drugs and die from overdose
