Week 7 (T) Flashcards
community development
develops and leaves behind structures that were not there before
- those structures are managed by members of the community
- vital part of community development
role of health promoter in community development
Support individuals to develop skills which they can use to develop community groups, organizations and networks
Characterizations of Communities
- geography
- culture
- social stratification
community-based health promotion
health promoters and other service providers mostly in control
- often focus on individuals and aim to address individual health
community development (centred) health promotion
all decisions and actions are decided and acted on by community members
- focuses on the community as a whole, and addresses the community’s structure, services or policies that affect health
goal of community development health promotion
build community capacity and empowerment to address not just the current issue but future issues as well
3 Key Aspects of Community-Centred Health Promotion
- Principles
- Activities
- Dilemmas
5 Principles of Community-Centred Approaches
- Participation
- Community empowerment
- Community led
- Social justice
- Asset-based
participation
community member involvement in program development and delivery
community empowerment
the ability of the community to take control over decisions and resources affecting them
community led
being accountable to communities and working in partnership with them
social justice
working to reduce social and other inequities
asset-based
focusing on community strengths instead of deficits
5 Activities Involved in Strengthening Community Action
- Profiling
- Capacity building
- Organizing
- Networking
- Negotiating
capacity building
working with community members to develop their skills to identify and address issues
profiling
studying a community to understand its needs and assets that could support solutions
organizing
helping the community to work together effectively
networking
building relationships within and outside the community that lead to action
negotiating
working with community members to develop consensus on need and actions to address them
5 Dilemmas or Challenges to Community-Centred Practice
- Funding
- Accountability
- Acceptability
- Role of the Professional
- Evaluation
funding
projects paid for by others tend to be short-termed and to focus on problems they identify
accountability
being responsible to employers and community members can create tensions for the worker
acceptability
employing and funding authorities may not value the nature of community work
role of the professional
trained workers may find it hard to put expertise to the side for community-led projects
evaluation
definitively saying whether a project had positive effects can be difficult
Arnstein’s Ladder of Citizen Participation
redistribution of power than enables the citizens presently excluded from political and economic processes, to be deliberately included in the future
- induce significant social reform which enables them to share the benefits of the affluent society
3 Categories for Community Involvement in Policy Decision-Making
- Non-participation
- Tokenism
- Citizen Power
- 2-3 types of participation within each category
non-participation
- manipulation
- therapy
degrees of tokenism
- informing
- consultation
- placation
degrees of citizen power
- partnership
- delegated power
- citizen control
