Week 8 (Athens & The Delian League)

Question 1

The Delian League was founded in ___ BC, and it was a coalition of Greeks against ______.

Answer 1

477
Persia

Question 1

The classical period was roughly from ___ BC - ___ BC. Why were these dates used?

Answer 1

479 - 323
The Battle of Platea
Death of Alexander the Great

Question 2

The Delian League was led by the _________. Allies would supply _____ or _____. The treasury was located at _____.

Answer 2

Athenians
ships or money
Delos

Question 3

_____ was the leading strategos

Answer 3

Cimon

Question 4

In ___ BC, Eion is taken as _______ against the Persians

Answer 4

476
bastion

Question 5

a cleruchy was a special ________ colony, in which people retained Athenian ___________, and treated as a formal extension of the __________ (mother city). An example is ______, founded in 475 BC.

Answer 5

Athenian
citizenship
metropolis
Skyros

Question 6

Over the ___s BC, Athens gradually ___________, due to lacking ____________ from other Greek city-states, and worry of ______ threat.

Answer 6

460s
imperializes
contributions
Persian

Question 7

______ and _____ both lose their navies to Athens

Answer 7

Naxos and Thasos

Question 8

___________ is ostracized in 471 BC; he flees to Persia

Answer 8

Themistocles

Question 9

In ___ BC, earthquake and helot revolt take place in ______. Cimon, pro-_______ and opposed to further democratization, is ostracized in favor of the “radical” ________ and imperialist _________.

Answer 9

462
Sparta
Spartan
democrat
Ephialtes

Question 10

True or false: there was a trend toward wider citizen participation in government under Ephialtes

Answer 10

True

Question 11

Reforms of Ephialtes
________ as leading politicians and they were elected.
The _______ __ ___ _________ (former archons chosen by lot) lose many duties to the assembly and _____
Many one-year __________ elected by lot
After Ephialtes’ assassination in ___ BC, ________ takes political leadership as strategos from 46o-429 BC

Answer 11

strategoi
Council of Areopagus
boule
committees
461
Pericles

Question 12

The formalized expectation of elites to contribute to the community is known as _______. Fostered competition that promoted the city-state

Answer 12

liturgy

Question 13

The Council of Areopagus’ legislative and judicial functions ________. Additionally, the common people who manned Athens’ ____ felt entitled to greater say in government.

Answer 13

decreased
navy

Question 14

The ________ (assembly) composed of male Athenian citizens discussed and formulated law. They met at the ____.

Answer 14

ekklesia
Pnyx

Question 15

Pericles’ ___________ law of ___ BC: both parents had to be Athenian

Answer 15

citizenship
451

Question 16

The _______ were the juries of several hundred Athenian citizens chosen by lot. ________ introduces jury pay.

Answer 16

Helialia
Pericles

Question 17

Megara switches sides to Athens.
_______ and Aegina invades Megara in ___ BC, triggering the “First” _____________ War (460-445 BC).

Answer 17

Corinth
459

Question 18

Sparta invades _______ in 457 BC. However, Athens comes to control the region and democratic governments become the norm for now.

Answer 18

Boeotia

Question 19

Athenian Egyptian expedition _____, and the Delian League treasury moves from Delos to the _________, marks the transition into the “Athenian Empire”

Answer 19

fails
Acropolis

Question 20

After Cimon’s death in ___ BC, the Athenians sign a _____ ______ with Persia.

Answer 20

450
peace treaty

Question 21

Athenian land empire _________ after revolt in Euboea, Megara reverts to the Peloponnesian League, and _______ becomes antidemocratic under Thebes. What follows is the peace of 445 BC, known as the ______ _____’ _____

Answer 21

collapses
Boeotia
Thirty Years’ Peace

Question 22

As a result of the “First” Peloponnesian War, Athens built the “____ _____” to protect access to its harbor at Piraeus

Answer 22

Long Walls

Question 23

True or false: Athenian foreign policy was active in the northern Aegean, Ionia, Sicily, and the lower Black Sea during the Thirty Years’ Peace.

Answer 23

True

Question 24

Athenian Acropolis
C. 800-600 BC - first temple of ______ ______
C. 600-480 BC - Athena “the maiden” (1st _________)

Answer 24

Athena Polias
Parthenon

Question 25

In ___ BC, the ________ destroy the Acropolis. The Athenian leave the destruction, called the ____ __ _______.

Answer 25

480
Persians
Oath of Plataea

Question 26

C. 450 BC: reverse the Oath of Plataea and the Periclean Building Project commences. What four buildings were included?

Answer 26

1) Parthenon
2) Erechtheion
3) Propylaea
4) Temple of Athena Nike

Question 27

Pheidias was the main ________ of the _________. Iktinos and Kallikrates were the __________.

Answer 27

sculptor
Parthenon
architects

Question 28

The Parthenon served as the main ________ of Athens; It was a Doric temple with _____ features; deviate from strict linear features (columns ____ slightly inwards)

Answer 28

treasury
Ionic
lean

Question 29

Inside the Parthenon was the Chryselephantine (____ and _____) statue of Athena, standing 12m tall

Answer 29

gold and ivory

Question 30

The ____ pediment showcased the birth of ______ from the head of ____. The ____ pediment showcased a contest between ______ and ________.

Answer 30

East
Athena
Zeus
Athena
Poseidon

Question 31

The Parthenon continuous frieze depicts the ___________ festival procession. Overall, the Parthenon was a ___________ of Athens through local tradition.

Answer 31

Panathenaic
celebration

Question 32

The Erechtheion (421-416, 412-407 BC) was an _____ temple north of the Parthenon. Its name taken from the mythical Athenian king Erechtheus.

Answer 32

Ionic

Question 33

Notable features of the Erechtheion include shrines of ______ ______, shrine to Boutes, tomb of the first Athenian king Kekrops (_______ man), sacred _____ tree of Athena, ________’s salt water spring, porch with _________ (statue of women that works like a column)

Answer 33

Athena Polias
serpent man
olive
Poseidon’s
caryatids

Question 34

Features of classical Athenian agora include a Tholos for the _______, a central open space for commercial and socio-political gatherings, a _____ temple to Hephaestus and Athena.

Answer 34

prytany
Doric

Question 35

a feature of classical Greek sculpture is the more ____________, and dynamic kouroi and korai statues. An example is the Euthydikos Kore (c.490-480 BC), found in the Athenian Acropolis. Notably, her clothing ____ her figure and the Archaic smile is ____.

Answer 35

naturalistic
hugs
gone

Question 36

Early classical sculpture style is also referred to as ______ style. Example is the _______ Boy (c. 480 BC), found in the Athenian Acropolis. Notable is the lack of emotion, and the weight shift (no _____ ___).

Answer 36

severe
Kritios
stiff leg

Question 37

Kouroi and korai were still ______ offerings, but rarely _____ _______ during classical Greece. Trend of civic dedications (ex. The Tyrannicides)

Answer 37

votive
grave markers

Question 38

Polykleitos was a famous _______ at Argos. His contribution was the new canonical proportions (ex. __________, “spear bearer”). New contrapposto ____. Another example is the _____ Warriors A & B found from shipwreck in S. Italy

Answer 38

sculptor
Doryphoros
pose
Riace

Question 39

Temple of Zeus at _______ (c. 470-456 BC) was an example of _____ architecture. There was a Chryselephantine statue of Zeus (c. 430 BC) by ________, same sculptor of the Parthenon.

Answer 39

Olympia
Doric
Pheidias

Question 40

Red figure vase painting was developed in ______ late _th century BC, and used until the early _th century BC. Notable features are the more ____________ musculature, greater complexity in ___________, and wider variety of topics. (Ex. Kalyx Krater c. 460-450 BC)

Answer 40

Athens
6th
4th
naturalistic
composition

Question 41

Ancient Greek polis economy was primarily __________ based. Many nested scales of trade (exchange manufactured goods for raw metals in Italy with the Etruscans)

Answer 41

agriculture

Question 42

boom in construction and manufacturing: mix of ________ workers and free workers. Both could earn wages. Large number of resident foreigners (______) in Athens (couldn’t vote or hold office, could rent property).

Answer 42

enslaved
metics

Question 43

women expected to ____ children, and manage the _________. Separate “women’s quarters” mentioned in elite houses, but __ archaeological evidence. elite women could still be involved in politics, as ___________. non-elite women were still involved in the _____ market.

Answer 43

bear
household
no
priestesses
labor

Question 44

_______ developed as a scripted genre in ______, beginning late _th and throughout _th century. Composed of a group of singers and dancers (______) and up to four male actors. All lines were set to _____ and musical accompaniment.

Answer 44

Tragedy
6th
5th
chorus
meter

Question 45

tragedies were played at multi-day public festivals dedicated to ________. 28 chosen elites (________) financed and organized the production (example of _______). Festival attendance open to all, but ____ citizens prioritized.

Answer 45

Dionysus
choregoi
liturgy
male

Question 46

True or false: Especially to elite members of Athenian society, indoor craftwork was considered to be admirable.

Answer 46

false - it was considered shameful

Question 47

True or false: In classical Athenian society, women did not have the right to divorce their husbands.

Answer 47

false

Question 48

The East Pediment of the Temple of Zeus showcases ______ and the chariot race he competed against Oenomaus. The West Pediment showcases ______ center of a wedding, in which centaurs are fighting Lapiths.

Answer 48

Pelops
Apollo

Question 49

Theater of Dionysos Eleutherios features
- Orchestra: performance space for the ______ (singers and dancers)
- Skene: stage building (in the back of the front)
- Paraskenia: side _______ areas
- Koilon/theatron: theatron is the seating area, Koilon were the semicircular stone seating area.

Answer 49

chorus

Question 50

epikleros: signifier of a woman lacking ____ relatives, thus compelled to marry the nearest willing male relative to produce a son to keep the property within the family. The epikleros could not inherit property themselves, only transmit it.

Answer 50

male