Topic 2 Definitions (Early Iron Age c. 1200-750/700 BC) Flashcards
Title for the chieftains that ruled over the smaller Greek communities during the Early Iron Age; replaced by oligarchies of land aristocrats in the early Archaic age.
Basileus
refers to a territory and the people that occupy it (“the land and the people”),
demos
Period from roughly 900-700 BC; preceded by the proto-geometric period (c. 1050-900 BC)
Geometric Period
the household; fundamental social and economic unit in Greek society; includes the family, house, animal, property, slaves, etc.
oikos
guest-friendship; two men from separate demos are obliged to offer hospitality and aid to each other’s communities; prominent characteristic of Homeric society
xenia
An allotment of farmland; needed for a man to marry
Kleros
honor/respect; conflicts arose over matters of time (think Achilles and Agamemnon)
time
glory/fame; homeric hero trait exemplified in the Iliad (Agamemnon demanding a war prize after losing Chryseis
kleos
Example of a chieftains house; functioned as the villages religious center and communal storehouse
Nichoria
Cup of Nestor significance
Earliest example of the early Greek alphabet, influenced by the Phoenicians
When were the first Greek sanctuaries created?
8th century BC
two components of Ancient Greek religion
Theology (study of gods) and cosmology (study of universe)
Major theme of Hesiod’s Theogony, an ordered genealogy of Greek gods and account of the universes creation
Order vs chaos
list of morals in Ancient Greek society
obedience to laws, respect for gods, guest-friendship (Xenia), glory/fame in battle (kleos)
an example of grave goods that demonstrate Homeric hero like elite behavior; gold jewelry, gold funeral masks, imported goods from near East
Grave Circle A
