Week 7 ~ Communication across lifespan

Question 1

What are the 4 principles of communication with kids?

Answer 1

1. Age appropriate and child friendly- should be child centered
2. Address child holistically, use sense and mental process
3. Positive and strength based, build self confidence and competence
4. Inclusive- address diversity, culturally appropriate care

Question 2

What are piagets 4 developmental stages?

Answer 2

1. Sensorimotor (Birth-2yrs): manipulate objects, language development largely nonverbal
2. Pre operational (2-6yrs): symbolic thinking (pretend play) language development is structured grammar and has language
3. Concrete operations (7-11yrs): logical thinking (learn, read and write), language development is passive tense to complex grammar skills
4. Formal operations (12+yrs): abstract thinking, near adult like language skills

Question 3

What is Maslow Hierachy of needs?

Answer 3

Pyramid. Order from bottom to top is physiological needs, safety and security, love and belonging, esteem, self actualization, Prioritizes human needs.

Question 4

What of the values of matures, baby boomers, generation X, and millennials generations?

Answer 4

M= work hard, sense of duty, sense of what works right
BB= buy no and pay later, support equal rights for all, value personal fulfillment and optimism
GX= live with uncertainty, balance is important, save money
M= goal and team orientated, achievement, close to parents

Question 5

What are communication strategies for infants, toddlers, and preschoolers (3-6yrs)?

Answer 5

I= tone of voice, singing, quickly respond and comfort, provide meaning to convo (you smile, I smile), meaningful interactions (bath-name body parts), pay attention to emotions
T= label their emotions, respond quick, keep word diary for their words, give 1 direction at a time, expand on their words (build sentences), provide warning before transition, play- follow their lead and describe what they’re doing
P= ask about past events, encourage to talk about feels, discuss causes for emotion, experience connection between spoken and written word, create opportunity to experience pretend play, allow self talk

Question 6

What are communication strategies for school age (6-11) and adolescents (12-18)?

Answer 6

SA= use convos to keep up with their activities, likes/dislikes, peer relationships, set goals and problem solve, conflict management skills, encourage to talk about feelings, correcting behaviour (calm explanation of your preferences and what child should do instead), encourage stories (helps kid develop story telling skills and sequential thinking)

A= physical/social/emotional/identity changes, emotion coach (help them work through emotions), keep up with their activities/relationships, be flexible, balance (personal responsibility and support), risk for negative coping behaviours/family conflict, be accepting/responsive/sensitive

Question 7

What is Erik erickson theory of psychosocial development?

Answer 7

Infancy (birth-18 months)- trust vs. mistrust
Early child (18 months-3yrs)- aunotmy vs. shame and doubt
Play age (3-5)- initiative vs. guilt
School age (6-12)- industry vs. guilt
Adolescence (12-18)- identity vs. role confusion
Young adult (18-35)- intimacy vs. isolation
Middle adult (36-55/65)- generativity vs. stagnation
Late adult (55/65-death)- integrity vs. despair

Question 8

What are communication needs for different age groups?

Answer 8

Infant/toddler- touch, soothing voice, distraction, movement, learning language
Preschooler- pay and storytelling, develop complex language
School age- school work, read, peer socialization, mutual decisions
Adolescents- varied interest, peer groups

Question 9

What are age related changes impacting communication for older adults?

Answer 9

1. Vision changes: loss of visual communication cues
2. Hearing loss: effect of loud sounds over time, can be reluctant to get tested
3. Normal cognitive changes: affection attention span, memory, fact recall, long term memory still intact
4. Cognitive changes for dementia: impacts daily life, memory, thoughts, decreased emotion (withdrawn), outburst/restless, coordination and mobility impacted

Question 10

What helps older adults?

Answer 10

Reminiscence contributes to successful aging and enhances the quality of life,Being around others their own age is important and allows them to interact.

Question 11

What are communication strategies for the older adult?

Answer 11

Hearing loss- reduce noise in room, small group and one on one conversations, speak clear and loud, patient, hearing aids working?, lip reading, visual cues

Vision changes- corrective lens, use touch, verbal communication, vocal cues

Dementia: reiterate, calm, gain attention by eye contact, provide cues, closed ended questions, reminiscence, patience

Question 12

What is crystallized intelligence vs. fluid intelligence?

Answer 12

CI- Skills and knowledge learned over lifetime

FI- problem solving and reasoning for new and unfamiliar