Week 7 Flashcards
What is systematic random sampling
Where samples are taken at random from a population at a specific number. Aka. Every fifth.
What is stratified RS?
Samples are taken at random from stratified subgroups i.e. female/male. The sample sizes may be of equal sized o0r proportionate to each other in some way. This the researcher must decide each subgroup before smapling
What is cluster sampling
Participants in predicting groups are sampled at random from within their groups. I.e. race, religious
What are the three types of probability sampling
Systematic random sampling, stratified sampling and cluster sampling
What are the three types of non-probability sampling
Convenience, quota and snowball sampling
What is a sample of convenience
Talking participants from wherever is most convenient, i.e. closest school.
What is quota sampling
Taking a sample of convenience while meeting pre-define quotas. I.e. a certain no of participants in a certain number of categories.
What is snowball sampling?
Where you find an initial participant who then finds others to recruit.
What is qualitative and quantitative reserach?
Quant: where you numerically quantity variables and draw inference to provide information about the population.
Qual:more subjective and characterisation is written.
What is observational method of research method?
Where they simply observe behaviour of subjects. However there is little control over behaviours and what occurs.
It can be either naturalistic where they are observed in the natural habitat is or laboratory based.
What is the case study method of research?
Where the study is focused on one or more individual cases where their behvaiour is described in depth. The ability to take notes ois an advantage however the bias and specificity mean genralistability is small.
What is the survey method of studying
Where participants are questioned.
This is able to be done quickly and on a large scale however generalisability Is low so is representivity.
What are the participant numbers needed depending on the type of experiment
Two groups and different participants: 21 per group, max 42.
Same group tested twice: min 12
Two different variables: min. 23 participants.
These are all based on using G power.
What is probability sampling
While the selection process is random this allows the Probability of selecting a particular individual to be known. This is harder to conduct however it is more representative.
What is non-probability sampling
Where it is not random selection, the probability of selection is unknown and while being easier to conduct is less representative.
