Week 7 Flashcards
Three types of adaptation
- Biological adaptation
- Physiological adaptation
- Cultural adaptation
Fitness
A measure of preproductive success of individuals
Glogers rule
Within the same species, there is a tendancy for more heavily pigmented populations to be found towards the equator.
Bergmanns rule
Within the same species average weight tends to increase and surface area decrease in the average invornmental tempatures
(Bergmanns, B for Body)
Allen´s rule
Within a species the size of protruding body parts and lenght of arms and legs increase with increases of average enviornmental temperature.
(Allen, A for Arms)
Wich one is Bergmenn´s rule and which one is Allen´s rule?
Development adjustments
Process in which an organisim, during the course of its lifetime, can respond to changes in the enviornment. These changes tend to be long term and nonreversable.
Acclimatory adjustments
Short term responses to new enviornmental stresses. These tend to appear quickly and are reversable
4 enviornmental stresses
- Solar radiatin
- Cold stress
- Heat stress
- high altitude stress
*
Taxonomy
The science of the classification of living organisims, including principles, procedures and rules.
Homology
Structures of similiar in form and or charactoristics in two or more groups of organisims and ar the result of inheratence in ancestors.
Analagous structures
Structures similiar in form and or function in two or more groups of organisims but are not the result of common evolutionary history.
three types of evolutionary patterns.
What are the three rules of taxonomy
- Binomial nomenclature
- Law of Priority
- Law of type
Binomial nomenclature
Each species identified by two names
- Genus
- Species
Law of priority
First name given to the organisim is the name that will be used in the future
Law of type
Before a new species can be named, there has to be physical example of the new species type specimen
KPCOFGS
King philip comes over for great sex
- Kingdom
- Phylum
- Subphylum
- Class
- Sublclass
- Order
- Family
- Genus
- Species
Primate Taxonmy
- Kindom Animal
- Phylum Chordata
- Subphylum Vertebrata
- Class Mammalia
- Subclass Eutherial
- Order Primates
Characteristics of primates
- Generalized body structure
- Pentadacytl
- Nail vs. Claws
- Increased prehensility
- Tendency towards erectness in posture
- expansion and elaboration of the brain
- Improvment in reproduction
- Extension of each stage in life
- Greater reliance on learned behavior
*
Sun stimulates the production of this Vitam
Vitam D
Some examples of biological adaptations of cold stress
- Mass instead of length
- Nose flat (no frost bite)
- Capularies dialate (bring warms to extremeties)
- Shivering
- Cultural (clothing, etc.)
*
Biological adaptations for heat stress
- Blood vessels close to skin
- sweat
- culture (clothing etc)
Examples of high altitude stress
- Cold stress
- solar stress
- hypoxia
*
Who was the founder of modern Taxonomy?
Carl Linnaeus
What is this type of diagram called?
Cladogram
You can never have a _______ evolution where two species become one species again.
Convergent
Latin American monkeys and Africal monkeys. Which are old world and new world monkeys?
African monkeys - Old world
Latin American - New world
What are the 13 characteristics of primates?
- Generalized body structure
- pentadactyl
- Nails vs. Claws
- Increased prehensility
- Tendency towards erectness in posture
- Retention of the clavical
- generlized dentition
- Omnivorous
- reduction of the snout
- improved vision (color, binocular, stereoscopic vision)
- Expansion and eleboration of the brain
- improvement in reproduction
- greater reliance on learned behavior
*
Animals must have multiple ________
cells
Animals must eat other __________ to live
organisims
Animals mush have ______ and ______ to catch food in enviornment
neves, muscle
Animals must have been mobile in some stage in the enviornemont?
true
