Week 7

Question 1

Erector Spinae

Answer 1

• Muscle is thickest in C & L regions
  
  • most movement
• Controls forward flexion
• Extension of trunk
• Posterior stability
  
  • posture

Question 2

Quadratus Lumborum

Answer 2

Origin - Iliac crest

Insertion - 12th rib and transverse process of lumbar vertebrae

Actions - Lateral flexion, lumbar extension

Question 3

Multifudus

Answer 3

Origin - posterior sacrum, posterior iliac spine

Insertion - spinous process of the vertebrae, excluding C1

Actions - Lateral flexion, trunk extension

Question 4

Trunk Muscles - Lumbar (anterior and posterior)

Answer 4

Anterior

• Rectus Abdominis
• External Oblique
• Internal Oblique

Posterior
-Erector Spinae

Question 5

Rectus Abdominis

Answer 5

Origin- pubic crest

Insertion- cartilage of ribs 5-7, xiphoid process

Location- anterior

Action- trunk flexion

Controls- posterior pelvic tilt and curvature LS
flattens lower back

Definition- 3 depressions, areas of tendinous connective tissue (6-pack)

Question 6

External Oblique

Answer 6

Origin- lateral side of ribs 5-12

Insertion- anterior iliac crest, pubic crest

Location- lateral/anterior

Movements- Flexion (together)
Ipsilateral flexion
contralateral rotation (independently)

Question 7

Internal Oblique

Answer 7

Origin- anterior iliac crest

Insertion- cartilage of ribs 8-10

Location: anterior/medial

Movements (LS) - flexion

Question 8

Transversus abdominis

Answer 8

Origin- lateral 1/3 of inguinal ligament, inner rim of iliac crest, inner surface of costal cartilage of lower 6 ribs, lumbar fascia

Insertion- crest of the pubis and the iliopectineal line, abdominal aponeurosis to the linea alba

Location- anterior

Movements (LS) - forced expiration by pulling abdominal wall inward. Compress the ribs and viscera, providing thoracic and pelvic stability.

Question 9

Iliopsoas

Answer 9

When stabilizied: flexion of the hip

Thigh fixed: flexion of trunk

More active in mid-range- leg raise or curl-up. Increased activity - feet held (curl up)

Question 10

Psoas major

Answer 10

Origin- transverse processes of L1-5

Insertion- lesser trochanter of femur

Location- anterior/medial

Movements- Pelvis: anterior tilt
Hip: flexion

Question 11

Psoas minor

Answer 11

Origin- lateral aspect of vertebral body of T12 and L1

Insertion- iliopectineal eminence

Location- anterior (more anterior than psoas major)/medial

Movements- Pelvis: posterior tilt (weak)
Hip: flexion (weak)

Question 12

Iliacus

Answer 12

Origin- iliac fossa

Insertion- femoral lesser trochanter

Location- anterior/medial

Movements- Pelvis: anterior tilt
Hip: flexion

Question 13

Pectineus

Answer 13

Origin- space 1-inch wide on the front of the pubis above crest

Insertion- rough line leading from lesser trochanter down to the linea aspera

Action- hip flexion, hip external rotation, hip adduction

Question 14

Abdominal Sit-up (starting position to flexed position)

Answer 14

Cervical spine - flexion - cervical spine flexors, sternocleidomastoid (concentric contraction)

Trunk - flexion - Rectus abdominis, extrnal obliquie, internal oblique (concentric contraction)

Hip - flexion - Iliopsoas, rectus femoris, pectineus (concentric contraction)

Question 15

Abdominal sit-up (return to starting position)

Answer 15

Cervical spine - extension - cervical spine flexors, sternocleidomastoid (eccentric contraction)

Trunk - extension - rectus abdominis, external oblique, internal oblique (eccentric contraction)

Hip - extension - iliopsoas, rectus femoris, pectineus (eccentric contraction)

Question 16

Superman (starting position to extended position

Answer 16

Shoulder - flexion - pec major (upper fibers), deltoid, coacobrachialis, biceps brachii

Shoulder girdle - retraction (adduction) - trapezius, rhomboids

Trunk - extension - erector spinae, splenius, quatratus lumborum

Hip - extension - gluteus maximus, semitendinosus, semimembranosus, biceps femoris

Question 17

Superman (return to starting position)

Answer 17

Shoulder - extension - pec major (upper fibers), deltoid, corachobrachialis, biceps brachii (ECCENTRIC contraction)

Shoulder girdle - protraction (abduction) - trapezius, rhomboids (ECCENTRIC contraction)

Trunk - Flexion (return to neutral) - Erector spinae, splenius, quadratus lumborum (ECCENTRIC contraction)

Hip - flexion (return to normal) - Gluteus maximus, semitendinosus, semimembranosus, biceps femoris (ECCENTRIC contraction)