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Kinesiology > Week 5 > Flashcards

Week 5 Flashcards

1
Q

Which is larger proximally? Radius or ulna?

A

Ulna

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2
Q

Which is larger distally? Radius or ulna?

A

Radius

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3
Q

Which bones serve as proximal attachments for muscles that flex and extend the elbow?

A

Scapula and humerus

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4
Q

Which bones serve as distal attachments for muscles that flex and extend the elbow?

A

Radius and ulna

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5
Q

Which bones serve as proximal attachments for muscles that pronate and supinate the radioulnar joints?

A

Scapula, humerus, and ulna

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6
Q

on which bones are the distal attachments of radioulnar joint muscles?

A

radius

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7
Q

Bony landmarks of the radioulnar joint

A

Medial condyloid ridge

olecranon process

coranoid process

radial tuberosity

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8
Q

key bony landmarks for wrist and hand muscles

A

medial epicondyle

lateral epicondyle

lateral supracondylar ridge

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9
Q

Elbow joint

A

hinge or ginglymus type

allows only flexion and extension

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10
Q

2 interrelated joints in the elbow

A

humeroulnar

radiohumeral

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11
Q

Elbow motions primarily involve movement between…

A

articular surfaces of humerus and ulna. Radial head has relatively small amount of contact with capitulum of humerus

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12
Q

As elbow reaches full extension…

A

olecranon process is received by olecranon fossa. Increased joint stability when elbow is fully extended.

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13
Q

as elbow is flexed 20 degrees or more…

A

its bony stability is unlocked, allowing for more side-to-side laxity.

stability in flexion is more dependent on the lateral (radial collateral ligament) and the medial (ulnar collateral ligament)

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14
Q

Ulnar collateral ligament is critical in…

A

providing medial support to prevent elbow from abducting when stressed in physical activity.

Many contact sports and throwing activities place stress on medial aspect of joint, resulting in injury

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15
Q

Ulnar Collateral Ligament (UCL)

A

particularly crucial to high-velocity sporting activities requiring optimal medial elbow stability like baseball pitching

compromise of this structure often requires surgery

TOMMY JOHN PROCEDURE- UCL reconstruction using a graft such as palmaris longus tendon

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16
Q

Radial collateral ligament provides…

A

lateral stability and is rarely injured

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17
Q

Annular ligament provides…

A

a sling effect around radial head for stability

18
Q

Elbow moves from 0 degrees at full extension to…

A

145 to 150 degrees of flexion

19
Q

Radioulnar joint

A
  • Trochoid or pivot-type joint
  • radial head rotates around at proximal ulna
  • distal radius rotates around distal ulna

Annular ligament maintains radial head in its joint

20
Q

Radioulnar joint supinating and pronating capacity

A

supinate 80 to 90 degrees from neutral

pronate 70 to 90 degrees from neutral

21
Q

Radioulnar joint between shafts of radius and ulna held tightly together between proximal and distal articulations by…

A

an interosseus membrane (syndesmosis)

substantial rotary motion between the bones

22
Q

synergy between glenohumeral, elbow, and radioulnar joint muscles

A

-conversely, when loosening a tight screw with pronation, we tend to internally rotate and extend the elbow and glenohumeral joints, respectively

WE depend on both the agonists and antagonists in the surrounding joints to assist in an appropriate amount of stabilization and assistance with the required task

23
Q

Elbow flexors

A

Biceps brachii

brachialis

brachioradialis

weak assistance from pronator teres

24
Q

Elbow extensors

A

triceps brachii

Anconeus (provides assistance)

25
Q

Radioulnar pronators

A

pronator teres

pronator quadratus

brachioradialis

26
Q

Radioulnar supinators

A

biceps brachii

supinator muscle

brachioradialis

27
Q

Anterior muscles that take part in elbow movement

A

Primarily flexion and pronation

Biceps brachii

brachialis

brachioradialis

pronator teres

pronator quadratus

28
Q

Posterior muscles that take part in elbow movement

A

primarily extension and supination

triceps brachii

anconeus

supinator

29
Q

Biceps brachii

A

Origin- SH: coracoid process
LH: supraglenoid tubercle

Insertion: radial tuberosity
Bicipical aponeurosis

Location: anterior

Movements: Elbow flexion, supination of the forearm, weak shoulder flexion

30
Q

Brachialis

A

Origin- Distal half of the anterior shaft of the humerus

Insertion- coracoid process of the ulna

location- anterior

Movements- elbow flexion

31
Q

Brachioradialis

A

Origin- distal 2/3rds of lateral condyloid ridge of humerus

Insertion- lateral surface of the distal end of the radius at styloid process

Location- anterior

Movements- elbow flexion (best in neutral position), pronation from supination to neutral, supination from pronated position to neutral

32
Q

Triceps Brachii

A

Origin: LH: infraglenoid tubercle of scapula
LatH: Upper half of posterior surface of the humerus
MH: distal 2/3rds of posterior surface of the humerus

Insertion- Olecranon process of ulna

Location- posterior

Movements- Elbow extension
Long head only: GH extension, GH horizontal abduction, GH adduction

33
Q

Anconeus

A

Origin- posterior surface of lateral condyle of the humerus

Insertion- posterior surface of upper ulna and olecranon

location- posterior

Movements- elbow extension

34
Q

Pronator Teres

A

Origin- distal part of the medial condyloid ridge of humerus, medial side of the proximal ulna

Insertion- middle third of lateral surface of the radius

Location- anterior

Movements- pronation, weak flexion of elbow

35
Q

Pronator Quadratus

A

Origin- Distal 1/4th of anterior side of ulna

Insertion- Distal fourth of anterior side of radius

Location- anterior

Movements- pronation

36
Q

Supinator muscle

A

Origin- lateral epicondyle

Insertion- lateral surface of proximal radius, just below head

Location- lateral

Movements- supination

37
Q

Elbow flexion agonists

A

Biceps brachii

brachialis

brachioradialis

Ex: biceps curl

38
Q

Elbow extension agonists

A

Triceps brachii

anconeus

Ex: push-up

39
Q

Radioulnar pronation agonists

A

pronator teres

pronator quadratus

brachioradialis (from supination to neutral)

Ex: loosening a screw

40
Q

Radioulnar supination agonists

A

biceps brachii

supinator muscle

brachioradialis (from pronation to neutral)

Kinesiology (12 decks)

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