week 7

Question 1

Define Gingival and periodontal health

Answer 1

absence or minimal levels of clinical inflammation in periodontium with normal support

Question 2

what is healthy mobility

Answer 2

0-2mm

Question 3

what is healthy bop

Answer 3

less than 10%

Question 4

define gingivitis

Answer 4

infalmmatory condition of gingiva
retained dental plaque without bone loss

Question 5

how much BOP in gingivitus

Answer 5

more than 10%

Question 6

what are the probing depths in gingivitus

Answer 6

0-3mm

Question 7

what is the mobility in gingivitus

Answer 7

up to 0.2mm

Question 8

define periodontitis

Answer 8

inflammatory disease of supporting tissues around teeth - can cause irreversable loss of periodontal ligament, bone, toothe mobility and loss of tooth

Question 9

how much bop in periodontitis

Answer 9

more than 10%

Question 10

what are the probing depths of periodontitis

Answer 10

more than 3/4mm

Question 11

what is a reduced periodontium in a stable perio patient

Answer 11

pre-existing loss of periodontal tissue
less than 10% bop
0-3mm probing
up to 0.2mm mobility

Question 12

what is attachment loss not caused by periodontitis

Answer 12

recession caused by abrasion
tissue damage - eg tooth that has been surgically removed

Question 13

what are the systemic risk factors that can modify gingivitis

Answer 13

smoking
hyperglycaemia
nutritional factors
pharmacological agents
sex steroid hormones
haematological conditions

Question 14

what are the local risk factors that can modify gingivitis

Answer 14

dental plaque biofilm retention factors
oral dryness

Question 15

what are the three medications that are associated with drug induced gingival overgrowth

Answer 15

calcium channel blockers
cyclosporine
phenytoin

Question 16

what are the three forms of periodontitis in classification in 2017

Answer 16

necrotising
manifestation of systemic disease
periodontitis

Question 17

what is necrotising gingivitis

Answer 17

necrosis of papilla

Question 18

what is necrotising periodontitis

Answer 18

bleeding

Question 19

what is necrotising stomatitis

Answer 19

sudden onset of pain

Question 20

what are the features of periodontitis as a manifestation of systemic disease

Answer 20

• genetic conditions
• severe, aggressive, periodontal destruction in children and adolescents
• severe gingival inflammation and rapid bone loss
• tooth loss in both primary and permanent dentition
• generally neutrophils or CT disorders

Question 21

what are the neutrophil disorders causing periodontitis as a manifestation of systemic disease

Answer 21

• severe neutropenia
• congenital neutropenia
• cyclic neutropenia

Question 22

what are the connective tissue disorders causing periodontitis as a manifestation of systemic disease

Answer 22

ehlers-danlos syndrome
angioedema
systemic lupus erthematosus

Question 23

what are the 5 steps required to compile a diagnosis statement

Answer 23

1 - determine if the patient is a periodontitis case
2- stage the patient (severity)
3 - Grading (rate of bone loss)
4 - Systemic risk assessment
5 - Assesment of periodontal status

Question 24

what determines whether a patient is a periodontitis case

Answer 24

interdental attachment loss is detectable at more or equal than 2 non adjacent teeth
OR
buccal clinical attachment loos of more or equal to 3mm with pocketing over 3mm due to periodontitis at two or more non adjacent teeth

Question 25

are periodontal defects cause by endo perio lesions, root resorption, impacted wisdom teeth included as attachment loss due to periodontitis in the current classification

Answer 25

no

Question 26

what is staging

Answer 26

extent + severity + complexity of disease management

Question 27

what is the extent of disease presentation

Answer 27

localised = less than 30% of teeth Generalised more than or equal to 30% of teeth "molar, incisor" pattern

Question 28

what are the features of complexity of disease management

Answer 28

probing depths furcations pattern of bone loss tooth loss mobility

Question 29

what is the maximum probing depth for stage 1 (mild)

Answer 29

less than or equal to 4mm

Question 30

what is the maximum probing depth for stage 2 (moderate)

Answer 30

less than or equal to 5mm

Question 31

what is the maximum probing depth for stage 3 (severe)

Answer 31

greater or equal to 6mm

Question 32

what is the radiographic bone loss of stage 1

Answer 32

less than 15%

Question 33

what is the radiographic bone loss of stage 2

Answer 33

15-33%

Question 34

what is the radiographic bone loss of stage 3

Answer 34

vertical bone loss furcation involvment

Question 35

what is the radiographic bone loss of stage 4

Answer 35

extends to middle third of the root or beyond

Question 36

what is the CAL of stage 1 at site of greatest loss

Answer 36

greater or equal to 2mm

Question 37

what is the CAL of stage 2 at site of greatest loss

Answer 37

3-4mm

Question 38

what is the CAL of stage 3 and 4 at site of greatest loss

Answer 38

greater or equal to 5mm

Question 39

what is the difference between stage 3 and 4

Answer 39

stage 3 involves the loss of 4 or less teeth stage 4 is at risk of losing dentition - more than 5 teeth lost there is also mobility and occlusal collapse in stage 4

Question 40

what outcomes are stage 1 and 2

Answer 40

predictable

Question 41

what outcomes are stage 3 and 4

Answer 41

non predictable

Question 42

what is grading

Answer 42

estimates the rate or speed of attachment loss

Question 43

how do u calculate grading

Answer 43

% of bone loss at worst site divided by age

Question 44

what is grading made up of

Answer 44

information on biological features of disease + rate of progression + risk assessment

Question 45

what is the ratio for grade A

Answer 45

less than 0.5

Question 46

what is the ratio for grade B

Answer 46

0.5-1

Question 47

what is the ratio for grade C

Answer 47

greater than 1

Question 48

what grades involve systemic risk factors

Answer 48

B and C

Question 49

what is the diabetic and smoking features of grade B

Answer 49

HbA1c less than 7 smoke less than 10 cigarettes a day

Question 50

what is the diabetic and smoking features of grade C

Answer 50

HbA1c greater or equal to 7 Smoke 10 or more cigarettes a day

Question 51

what is currently stable

Answer 51

BOP less than 10% PD less than or equal to 4mm No BOP at 4mm sites

Question 52

what is in remission

Answer 52

BOP greater than 10% PD less than or equal to 4mm No BOP at 4mm sites

Question 53

What is currently unstable

Answer 53

PD greater or equal to 5mm or PD greater or equal to 4mm and BOP

Question 54

what are the two systemic risk factors for periodontitis

Answer 54

diabetes and smoking

Question 55

can these risk factors alter a patients grade

Answer 55

yes

Question 56

what are healthy probing depths

Answer 56

0-3mm