week 12

Question 1

What does CAMBRA stand fir

Answer 1

caries management by risk assessment

Question 2

what is the GV Black theory

Answer 2

Relied on a sharp probe

class 1 =pits and fissures of posterior teeth and lingual surfaces of anterior teeth
class 2 = caries on proximal surfaces of posterior teeth
class 3 = caries on proximal surfaces of anterior teeth but not incisal edges
class 4 = caries on proximal surfaces of anterior teeth plus incisal edges
class 5 = caries on gingival third of any tooth

Question 3

what is the Pitts and fyffe classification

Answer 3

D1 - enamel lesion no cavity
D2 - enamel lesion cavity
D3 - dentin lesion cavity
D4 - dentin lesion cavity to pulp

Question 4

what is the mount and hume classification

Answer 4

considers carious lesion by site and size
first number = site
second = size

Question 5

what is the classification according to site, activity and extent

Answer 5

3 classifications
1- anatomical (some teeth/ sites are more susceptible)
2 - Activity (is it progressing)
3- Extent (how big/progggressed)

Question 6

What does ICDAS stand for

Answer 6

international caries detection assessment system

Question 7

what are the classifications for ICDAS

Answer 7

looks at histological changes
ICDAS 1 - visible when dry
ICDAS 2 - visible when wet
ICDAS 3 - initial enamel breakdown
ICDAS 4 - shadow from dentin
ICDAS 5 - Cavity with visable dentin
ICDAS 6 - Really big cavity

Question 8

whats the differences bewteen pitts and fyffe and ICDAS

Answer 8

ICDAS is better as it looks at the histological changes, colour and texture rather than just if it has enamel, dentin or pulp

Question 9

what are the three examination tools for dental caries

Answer 9

visual info (tooth dried, good light and mag)
tactile info (blund probe)
Diagnostic technology (radiographs, laser, light dyes)

Question 10

what is validation

Answer 10

the degree to which a test precisly measures what it is supposed to measure

Question 11

what is sensitivity

Answer 11

high sensitivity, the ability to test correctly when the disease is present

Question 12

what is specificity

Answer 12

high specificity which is the ability to say there is no disease when there in fact is not

Question 13

what are the three types of caries lesions

Answer 13

1 - free smooth surface lesions
2 - pits and fissure lesions
3 - approximal lesions

Question 14

what are free smooth surface lesions

Answer 14

smooth surface - no pits of fissures
occurs in areas where plaque collects (between teeth, along gumline in difficult to clean areas)

Question 15

what are pit and fissure lesions

Answer 15

pit is a small depression in a tooth
fissures are the grooves

Question 16

what are approximal lesions

Answer 16

location and adjacent teeth make it more difficult for us to clean

Question 17

what are early lesions

Answer 17

detect with vision (wet or dry)
not visable on radiographs
need to have clean surface, good light and magnification
hard to detect on approximal surfaces

Question 18

what are cavitated lesions

Answer 18

also detected by vision
ICDAS 3, 4, 5, 6

Question 19

what do active lesions tend to be

Answer 19

plaque covered
chalky/matt appearance
yellow/brown
soft/leathery to probe
close to gingival margin

Question 20

what do arrested lesions tend to be

Answer 20

plaque free
shiny
dark brown
hard to probe
glossy to feel

Question 21

what is the sensitivity rate in radiographs

Answer 21

50-70%

Question 22

what is the specifity rate in radiographs

Answer 22

90%

Question 23

what is the ICDAS radiographic scoring system

Answer 23

0- no radiolucency
RA inital stage - RA1, RA2, RA3
RB moderate stage RB4
RC extensive stage RC5, RC6

Question 24

what is RA1

Answer 24

radiolucency in the outer 1/2 of the enamel

Question 25

what is RA2

Answer 25

Radiolucency in the inner 1/2 of enamel plus EDJ

Question 26

What is RA3

Answer 26

radiolucency limited to the outer 1/3 of dentin

Question 27

What is RA4

Answer 27

radiolucency reaching the middle 1/3 of dentin

Question 28

What is RA5

Answer 28

radiolucency reaching the inner 1/3 of dentin - clinically cavitated

Question 29

what is RA6

Answer 29

radiolucency into the pulp - clinically cavitated

Question 30

Notation of ICDAS

Answer 30

ICDAS = ICDAS radiographic code #
Five point system = ICDAS radiographic code R#

Question 31

what are the four light assessments

Answer 31

transillumination
fibre optic transillumination
laser light
quantitative fluorescence

Question 32

what is transillumination

Answer 32

light reflected from lamp then reflected by mirror
used for proximal surfaces and anterior teeth

Question 33

what is fibre optic transillumination

Answer 33

very intense light source
probe or wand, where a light source shines through with a minimal exit diameter
used for anterioor teeth with high specificity and sensitivity levels

Question 34

what is laser light

Answer 34

takes advangtage of enamel with certain degree of autofluoresce

greater frquency=higher flouresence = more mature eary lesion

Diagnodent
has high sensitivity and low specificity = more false positive diagnosis

Question 35

what is quantitative fluoresence (QLF)

Answer 35

fluoresces entire tooth
shows differences in fluorences in carious lesion and surrounding or adjacent tooth structure
able to distinguish enamel lesions because demineralised hard dental tissue loses autoflurecense

Question 36

mouthwash stains what percent of people

Answer 36

3%