Week 7

Question 1

True or false. Dementia is a disease.

Answer 1

False, dementia is a syndrome

Question 2

What are the causes of dementia?

Answer 2

Diffuse degeneration in cortical and/or subcortical structures and neural pathways

Chemical changes that affect neural functioning

Question 3

What is the most common neurodegenerative disease?

Answer 3

Alzheimers disease, it accounts for around 70% of all dementia

Question 4

True or false. Alzheimers has no cure.

Answer 4

True

Question 5

What are some possible causes of alzheimers disease?

Answer 5

Neural plaques and tangles implicated

Possible genetic link

Question 6

What are some early symptoms/signs of Alzheimers disease?

Answer 6

Memory loss that disrupts daily life, difficulty completing familiar tasks, changes in mood/personality

Question 7

What are some differences of early and late stage alzheimers?

Answer 7

For early stage, there is trouble with memory and finding words
For later stages, functions besides memory and language begin to shut down

Question 8

What are some other changes in those with Alzheimers?

Answer 8

Sleep issues/sundowning, hallucinations, wandering

Question 9

What is the one test used to assess for dementia?

Answer 9

MOCA, it is used to assess STM, WM, Visuopatial abilities

Question 10

What is an SLP’s role in treatment for dementia?

Answer 10

To help the person live independently as long as possible, and to help the person communicate better with family

Question 11

What are the different types of brain injury? Describe them.

Answer 11

Hematoma - pooling of blood
Hemmorhage - bleeding in the brain
Diffuse axonal injury - microscopic shearing
Anoxic/hypoxic - absent blood flow/reduced blood flow

Question 12

What part of the brain is mainly affected in a TBI?

Answer 12

The frontal lobe

Question 13

What does the frontal lobe control?

Answer 13

Judgement, personality, problem solving

Question 14

What does the temporal lobe control?

Answer 14

Memory, hearing, receptive language

Question 15

What does the brainstem control?

Answer 15

Breathing, heart rate, sleep/wake functions

Question 16

What does the parietal lobe control?

Answer 16

Sense of touch, differentiation, spatial perception

Question 17

What does the occipital lobe control?

Answer 17

Vision

Question 18

What does the cerebellum control?

Answer 18

Balance, coordination

Question 19

What are the two types of ischemic strokes?

Answer 19

Thrombus: clot that is forming in blood vessels in the brain
Embolus: clot that is forming in another part of the body but breaks off and travels to the brain

Question 20

What are hemorrhagic strokes?

Answer 20

Bleeding in the brain that causes pressure on brain cells

Question 21

What are transient ischemic attacks?

Answer 21

a brief blockage of blood flow to the brain, usually a warning sign

Question 22

What are the consequences of a right CVA (stroke)?

Answer 22

Loss of movement on the left side, impaired expression of emotions

Question 23

What are the consequences of a left CVA (stroke)?

Answer 23

Loss of movement on the right side, problems with swallowing, aphasia

Question 24

What is aphasia?

Answer 24

The total or partial loss of the ability to understand or use language

Question 25

What is broca’s aphasia?

Answer 25

Non-fluent aphasia, can comprehend language, just not express it, telegraphic speech

Question 26

What is wernickes aphasia?

Answer 26

Fluent aphasia, speech is fluent but does not make any sense, may not understand what you are saying to them

Question 27

What is primary progressive aphasia?

Answer 27

Linked to a neurodegenerative disorder is a frontotemporal disorder