Week 7 Flashcards
True or false. Dementia is a disease.
False, dementia is a syndrome
What are the causes of dementia?
Diffuse degeneration in cortical and/or subcortical structures and neural pathways
Chemical changes that affect neural functioning
What is the most common neurodegenerative disease?
Alzheimers disease, it accounts for around 70% of all dementia
True or false. Alzheimers has no cure.
True
What are some possible causes of alzheimers disease?
Neural plaques and tangles implicated
Possible genetic link
What are some early symptoms/signs of Alzheimers disease?
Memory loss that disrupts daily life, difficulty completing familiar tasks, changes in mood/personality
What are some differences of early and late stage alzheimers?
For early stage, there is trouble with memory and finding words
For later stages, functions besides memory and language begin to shut down
What are some other changes in those with Alzheimers?
Sleep issues/sundowning, hallucinations, wandering
What is the one test used to assess for dementia?
MOCA, it is used to assess STM, WM, Visuopatial abilities
What is an SLP’s role in treatment for dementia?
To help the person live independently as long as possible, and to help the person communicate better with family
What are the different types of brain injury? Describe them.
Hematoma - pooling of blood
Hemmorhage - bleeding in the brain
Diffuse axonal injury - microscopic shearing
Anoxic/hypoxic - absent blood flow/reduced blood flow
What part of the brain is mainly affected in a TBI?
The frontal lobe
What does the frontal lobe control?
Judgement, personality, problem solving
What does the temporal lobe control?
Memory, hearing, receptive language
What does the brainstem control?
Breathing, heart rate, sleep/wake functions
What does the parietal lobe control?
Sense of touch, differentiation, spatial perception
What does the occipital lobe control?
Vision
What does the cerebellum control?
Balance, coordination
What are the two types of ischemic strokes?
Thrombus: clot that is forming in blood vessels in the brain
Embolus: clot that is forming in another part of the body but breaks off and travels to the brain
What are hemorrhagic strokes?
Bleeding in the brain that causes pressure on brain cells
What are transient ischemic attacks?
a brief blockage of blood flow to the brain, usually a warning sign
What are the consequences of a right CVA (stroke)?
Loss of movement on the left side, impaired expression of emotions
What are the consequences of a left CVA (stroke)?
Loss of movement on the right side, problems with swallowing, aphasia
What is aphasia?
The total or partial loss of the ability to understand or use language
What is broca’s aphasia?
Non-fluent aphasia, can comprehend language, just not express it, telegraphic speech
What is wernickes aphasia?
Fluent aphasia, speech is fluent but does not make any sense, may not understand what you are saying to them
What is primary progressive aphasia?
Linked to a neurodegenerative disorder is a frontotemporal disorder
