Week 7 Flashcards
Within excellence, what is the cornerstone of all expertise & what is an example of this?
Deliberate practice
Ex=Mozart spending all his time practicing the piano since he was young
what assumption about excellence is not supported by research?
that you can tell the difference early on
-this assumption leads to special treatment which adds up & then multiples
What was Ericsson & Csikszentmihalyi’s debate about?
excellence & deliberate practice
What did Ericsson think about the debate between excellence & deliberate practice AND what are 3 reasons that he thought this?
was skeptical that deliberate practice could feel as enjoyable as flow because:
1) carefully planned whereas flow is spontaneous
2) requires challenge that exceeds skill
3) Flow needs a balance between challenge and skill
What did Csikszentmihalyi think about the debate between excellence & deliberate practice? (think about: it takes hard work to spell this name but feels enjoyable when accomplish it!)
even when learning is hard, it is worth having, helps you express who you are, helps you achieve your desires, SO…IT CAN BE ENJOYABLE!
What did Seligman believe in?
Character! (self-discipline) He thought that not much else makes as much of a difference and thought that others overemphasized environment & underestimated character
What did Roy Baumeister focus on?
Self-Discipline! He thought that self-discipline was the queen of all virtues because it is the strength that enables the rest of the strengths (people cannot do much without it).
What is an extreme form of self-discipline?
GRIT
What is GRIT?
COMBINES: Passion & Persistence/Perseverance (Angela Duckworth)
What are 3 key factors/characteristics/facts about grit?
1) Passion is good but perseverance is key/makes the difference
o Without persistence, passion is meaningless
2) The higher the education level of an individual has more GRIT they have.
o The more time they are willing to spend on your task
3) Older individuals have higher levels of GRIT then younger individuals likely due to experience (long-term life events)
Who arranged a debate between Ericsson & Csikszentmihalyi about excellence & deliberate practice?
Duckworth
What did Duckworth conclude?
Concluded that grittier people do more deliberate practice AND experience more flow.
What are 2 reasons why it could make sense that grittier people do more deliberate practice AND experience more flow?
1) Ericsson: talked about behavior/what people do
Csikszentmihalyi: talked about how people feel
2) deliberate practice and experience of flow don’t have to be done at the same time (rarely happens at the same time). DELIBERATE PRACTICE CAN LEAD INTO FLOW
What kind of animals did we talk about having GRIT during class (newspaper article)?
Birds - some male sandpipers are grittier than others
