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ST1 > Week 6 Terms > Flashcards

Week 6 Terms Flashcards

1
Q

Aerobes

A

Organisms that favor an environment with oxygen

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2
Q

Aerosol droplets

A

Droplets of moisture small enough to remain suspended in air

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3
Q

Anaerobes

A

Organisms that prefer an oxygen poor environment

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4
Q

Bioburden

A

Measure of the number of bacterial colonies on a surface

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5
Q

Contaminated

A

Surface, substance, or tissue that is not completely free of microorganisms

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6
Q

Cross-contamination

A

Spread of infection from one person to another or from an object to a person

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7
Q

Culture

A

Process of growing a microbe in a laboratory setting so that it can be studied and tested

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8
Q

Diffusion

A

Uniform dispersal of particles in a solution or across a membrane

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9
Q

Direct transmission

A

Transfer of microbes by direct physical contact with the microbes

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10
Q

Droplet nuclei

A

Dried remnants of previously moist secretions containing microbes

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11
Q

Endospore

A

Spores; Dormant stage of some bacteria that allows them to survive in extreme environmental conditions

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12
Q

Entry site

A

In microbial transmission, the sites where microbes enter the body

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13
Q

Fomite

A

Intermediate inanimate source in the process of disease transmission

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14
Q

Infection

A

State or condition in which pathogenic microbes invade and colonize the body or body tissues

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15
Q

Inflammation

A

Body’s nonspecific reaction to injury or infection that results in redness, heat, swelling, and pain

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16
Q

Necrosis

A

Tissue death

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17
Q

Nosocomial infection

A

Hospital-acquired infection (HAI)

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18
Q

Opportunistic infection

A

Infection in a weakened individual or as the result of specific drugs

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19
Q

Pathogen

A

Disease-causing microbes

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20
Q

Prion

A

Infectious protein substance that is resistant to common sterilization methods

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21
Q

Resident microorganisms

A

Microorganisms that normally colonize certain tissues of the body

22
Q

Sterile

A

Completely free of all microbes

23
Q

Suppurative

A

Having developed pus and fluid

24
Q

Vector

A

A living intermediate carrier of microbes from one host to another

25
Q

Virulence

A

Degree to which a microbe is capable of causing disease

26
Q

Association for the Advancement of Medical Instrumentation (AMMI)

A

An authoritative source of standards for sterilization and disinfection

27
Q

Antisepsis

A

Process that greatly reduces the number of microbes on skin or other tissues

28
Q

Bactericidal

A

Able to kill bacteria

29
Q

Biological indicator

A

Quality control mechanism used in the process of sterilization

30
Q

Cavitation

A

Process in which air bubble are imploded (burst inward), relating particles of soil or tissue debris

31
Q

Chemical indicator

A

Method of testing a sterilization parameter

32
Q

Chemical sterilization

A

Process that uses chemical agents to achieve sterilization

33
Q

Cobalt-60 radiation

A

Method of institutional bulk sterilization used by manufacturers to sterilize prepackaged equipment using ionizing radiation

34
Q

Decontamination

A

Process in which recently used and soiled medical devices are rendered safe for personnel to handle

35
Q

Disinfection

A

Destruction of microbes by heat or chemical means

36
Q

Ethylene oxide (EO)

A

A highly flammable gas that is capable of sterilizing an object

37
Q

Exposure time

A

Hold time; Amount of time goods are held at a specific time, temperature, and pressure during a sterilization process

38
Q

Fungicidal

A

Able to kill fungi

39
Q

Gas plasma sterilization

A

Process that uses the form of matter known as plasma to sterilize an item

40
Q

Gravity displacement sterilizer

A

Type of sterilizer that removes air by gravity

41
Q

High-vacuum sterilizer

A

Pre vacuum sterilizer; Type of stem sterilizer that removes air in the chamber by vacuum and refills it with pressurized steam

42
Q

Immediate-use sterilizer

A

Flash sterilization; items to be sterilized shortly before surgery must be processed so they are ready as close to the time of surgery as possible

43
Q

Non critical items

A

Items that are not required to be sterile because they do not penetrate intact tissues (i.e. stethoscope, blood pressure cuffs)

44
Q

Peracetic acid

A

Chemical used in the sterilization of critical items

45
Q

Personal protective equipment (PPE)

A

Protects wearer from contamination by microbes; approved attire worn during the reprocessing of medical devices and cleaning of pt areas

46
Q

Sharps

A

Any objects used in health care that are capable of penetrating the skin

47
Q

Shelf life

A

Length of time a wrapped item remains sterile after it has been subjected to a sterilization process

48
Q

Spaulding system

A

System used to determine the level of microbial destruction required for medical devices and supplies based on the risk of infection associated with the area of the body where the device is used

49
Q

Sterilization

A

Process by which all microorganisms (incl. spores) are destroyed

50
Q

Washer-sterilizer/disinfector

A

Equipment that washes and decontaminates instruments after an operative procedure

ST1 (15 decks)

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