Week 4 Terms Flashcards
Absorbable suture
Suture material that is broken down and metabolize by the body
Adhesion
Scar formation of abdominal viscera
Anastomosis
Surgical creation of an opening between two blood vessels, hollow organs, or ducts
Approximate
To bring tissues together by sutures or other means
Autotransfusion
Blood salvaging; method of retrieving blood lost at the operative site, reprocessing it, and infusing it back into pt
Capillary action
Ability of suture material to absorb fluid
Contracture
Scar tissue that lacks flexibility, causing constriction and pain
Debridement
Chemical or mechanical removal of necrotic or nonviable tissue and foreign bodies after infection or trauma
Dehiscence
Separation of the edges of a surgical wound during healing
Evisceration
Protrusion of abdominal viscera through a wound or surgical incision
Fistula
Complication of wound infection in which one or more hollow, skin-lined tracts form at the wound site and continue to drain pus and fluid
Hematoma
Blood-filled space in tissue, result of bleeding vessel
Hemostatic agent
Substance applied to bleeding tissue in order to enhance clotting
Inert
Causing little or no reaction in tissue or with other materials
Interrupted sutures
Technique of bringing tissue together by placing individual sutures close together
Ligate
To place a loop or tie around a blood vessel or duct
Non absorbable suture
Suture material that resists breakdown in the body
Primary intention
Wound-healing process after a clean surgical repair
Running suture
Method of suturing that uses on continuous suture strand for tissue approximation
Serosanguineous fluid
Exudate or discharge containing serum and blood
Swage
Area of an atraumatic suture when the suture strand is fused to the needle
Tapered needle
Suture needle that has a round body that tapers to a sharp point
Tensile strength
Amount of force or stress a suture can withstand before breaking
Throw
Loop that forms a knot
Tie on a passer
Strand of suture material attached to the tip of an instrument
Thrombin
Active hemostasis for topical use in bleeding tissues; bovine or human origin
Gel foam
Mechanical hemostatic on tissue surface or vascular anastomosis; Dry sponge or film material derived from porcine tissue
Surgicel
Mechanical hemostasis; oxidized cellulose hemostat; swells on contact with fluid; absorbs in 1 - 6 weeks
Tisseel
Gel; fibrin combination sealant; low bonding strength; requires 20 minutes prep time; used to seal lung, liver, plastic sx, skin grafting; prevents air leaks; capillary hemostasis
Floseal
Fibrin combination sealant; gel; flowable topical hemostat; bovine-derived gelatin matrix, human thrombin in calcium chloride soln; resorbed in 6 - 8 weeks
Dermabond
Fibrin combination sealant; liquid; used to close the skin (incisions and lacerations); synthetic cyanoacrylate; fast setting with high strength; nonabsorbable
Silver nitrate
Fluid or applicator; creates thick eschar (scab); stains tissue; caustic chemical; seldom used; used only for superficial bleeding
4X4 Raytec sponge
Large square of loosely woven gauze folded into 4 inch square pad
Laparotomy sponge
Lap or tape; use in major sx; used to absorb blood and fluids for padding beneath the blades of large retractors
Sponge dissector
Peanut, pusher; Small round or oval sponge covered with gauze; Always mounted on a clamp and used to separate or for blunt dissection
Round sponge
Tonsil sponge; covered with gauze and has a string attached for retrieval
Flat neurosurgical sponge
Cottoned or patty; compressed square of synthetic or cotton material with a string attached; used to maintain hemostasis or as filter over delicate tissue requiring suction
Flat dressings
Most common and simplest type of surgical wound dressings; thin, nonstick pad covered by 1 or 2 layers of flat gauze secured with tape
Rolled dressings
Used for wrapping a limb; may be plain gauze or an elasticized material; Kling, elastoplast, tube stockinet
Gauze packing
Used in a cavity (nose, open wound); long, thin strip and packaged in bottle or similar container; usually removed early in recover period (source of infection)
Steri-strips
Used to approximate small incisions and protect the wound; Used in minor sx and for minor wounds
Secondary intention
Wound not sutures; heals from base; healing process involves filling tissue gap with granulation tissue; slower than primary intention, results with scar; required for infected or grossly contaminated wounds
Third intention (delayed closure)
Process in which and infected or a contaminated wound is treated and wound space is packed to prevent serum accumulation and protect against environmental exposure; when sufficient granulation tissue has filled in wound, it is sutured
Clean wound
Uninfected; closed primarily (all tissue layer sutured closed); no inflammation; may contain closed drainage system; rest, go, genital, and uninfected urinary tracts not entered; 1%-5% risk of post op infection
Clean contaminated wound
No evidence of infection or major break in aseptic tech; resp, go, genital, or urinary tracts were entered w/o unusual contamination; 3% - 7% risk of post op infection
Contaminated wound
Open, fresh, accidental wound; gross spillage from go tract occurred; presence of acute, non purulent inflammation; major break in aseptic tech; 10%-17% risk of post op infection
Dirty or infected wound
Old traumatic wounds with devitalized tissue; existing clinical infection; perforated viscera; >27% risk of post op infection
Inflammatory phase
Begins as soon as tissue is injured; phagocytes migrate to wound site and digest excess fibrin, bacteria, and cell fragments; usually takes 3- 4 days
Proliferative phase
Begins about day 4 or 5 and continues for approx. 2 weeks; granulation tissue forms
Remodeling
Last stage of wound repair; begins after approx. 3 weeks, lasts 22 days - 1 year
