Week 14 Terms Flashcards
Agonist
Drug that produces a response in the body by binding to a receptor
Adverse reaction
Unexpected harmful reaction to a drug
Allergy
Hypersensitivity to a substance; response produced by the immune system
Antibiotics
Drugs that inhibit the growth of or kill bacteria
Bioavailability
Extent and rate at which a drug or its metabolites enter the systemic circulation and reach the site of action
Chemical name
Name of a drug that reflects its molecular structure
Concentration
Measure of the quantity of a substance per unit of volume or weight
Contraindications
Circumstances that make use of a drug, protocol, or procedure medically inadvisable b/c of increased risk of injury or harm
Contrast medium
Radiopaque solns introduced into body cavities and vessels to outline their surfaces
Diluent
Liquid component of a drug that must be reconstituted from a powder to a soln for purposes of administration
Dosage
Quantity of drug per unit of time
Antagonist
Drug or chemical that blocks a receptor mediated response
Dose
Quantity of a drug to be taken at one time or the stated amount of drug per unit of distribution
Drug
Chemical substance that when taken into the body, changes one or more of the body’s functions
Drug administration
Giving of a drug to a person by any route
Generation
Refers to a drug group that was developed from a previous prototype
Generic name
Formulary name of a drug assigned by the U.S. Adopted Names Council
Half-life
Time required for one half of a drug to be cleared from the body
Hypersensitivity
Allergic immune response to a substance
Intraosseous
Refers to administration of a drug into the bone marros
Intrathecal
Refers to administration of a drug into the spinal cord
Parenteral
Refers to administration of a drug by injection
Peak effect
Period of maximum effect of a drug
Pharmacodynamics
Biochemical and physiological effects of drugs and their mechanisms of action in the body
Pharmacokinetics
Movement of a drug through the tissues and cells of the body
Pharmacology
Study of drugs and their action in the body
Prescription
Order for a drug written by a qualified medical staff member
Proprietary name
Patented name given to a drug by it’s manufacturer
Side effects
Anticipated effects of a drug other than those intended
Therapeutic window
Range of drug doses that can treat ds effectively while staying w/in the safety range
Topical
Refers to application of drug to the skin or mm
Trade name
Name given to a drug by the company that produces and sells it
Transdermal
Refers to administration of a drug by absorption through the skin
U.S. Pharmacopeia (USP)
Organization that establishes standards for drugs approved by FDA for their labeled use
Aerosol
Product that is packaged under pressure and contains therapeutically active ingredients that are released in activation of an appropriate valve system
Capsule
Solid oral dosage form consisting of a shell and filling
Film
Thin layer or coating
Gel
Semisolid dosage from containing a gelling agent to provide stiffness to a soln, colloidal soln, or dispersion
Inhalant
Drug or combo of drugs that are carried into the respiratory tract
Injection
Sterile preparation intended for parenteral use
Pellet
Small sterile solid mass consisting of a highly purified drug intended for implantation in the body
Pill
Small round solid dosage form containing a medicinal agent intended for oral administration
Powder for solution
Mixture of dry drugs or chemicals that on addition of a suitable vehicle yields a soln
Sponge
Porous interlacing, absorbent material that contains a drug
Tablet
Solid dosage form containing medicinal substances
Tincture
Alcoholic or hydroalcoholic soln
Absorption
Process by which a drug enters the body tissues following administration
Distribution
The reversible transfer of a drug from one location to another within the body
Biotransformation
Drug metabolism; chemical breakdown of a drug in the body
Excretion
Elimination from the body
