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gen. Anat > Week 6 Muscles > Flashcards

Week 6 Muscles Flashcards

1
Q

Characteristics of muscle tissue

A

Responsiveness
conductive
contractive
extensible
elasticity

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2
Q

Cardiac muscle

A

involuntary and autorhytmic
In heart propelling blood through blood vessels

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3
Q

Smooth muscle

A

involuntary
Moves substances
Move fluids and solids along digestive tract
Moves air in respiratory tract
Regulate control blood flow

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4
Q

Skeletal muscle

A

Voluntary
Produce skeletal movements
Maintain posture and body position
Support soft tissues
Guard entrances and exits
Maintain body temperature
Provide nutrient reserves

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5
Q

origin

A

Fixed attachment (usually on the bone that is stationary during the
muscle action) muscles proximal attachment

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6
Q

insertion

A

muscles distal attachment

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7
Q

action

A

Specific movement the muscle allows

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8
Q

Transverse tubules,

A

penetrate through a cell and emerges on the other side—allow for action potential to travel deep in the cell

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9
Q

Sarcoplasmic Reticulum

A

stores calcium

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10
Q

Thick filament

A

associated with the contractile protein called Myosin

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11
Q

Thin Filament

A

associated with the contractile protein called Actin

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12
Q

Sacromere

A

a unit of overlapping actin and myosin
—it is the contractile unit in a muscle cell

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13
Q

slow cells

A

adapted for a slower contraction that can be sustained;use oxygen only to make ATP

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14
Q

Intermediate cells

A

intermediate contraction and endurance

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15
Q

Fast cells

A

adapted for a very quick contraction; don’t use oxygen to make ATP

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16
Q

innervention

A

The innervation of a muscle refers to the name of the nerve that stimulates it

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17
Q

Hypertrophy

A

Increase in muscle size due to an increase in the
size of the muscle cells

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18
Q

atrophy

A

Decrease in muscle size, tone, and power

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19
Q

isometric contraction

A

contrasting muscle but not moving joint-plank

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20
Q

isotonic contraction

A

muscle moving with no change in weight

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21
Q

sarcoplasm

A

cytoplasm of a muscle cell

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22
Q

myofibrils

A

long protein bundles that occupy the main portion of the sarcoplasm

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23
Q

sarcolemma

A

cell membrane of a muscle cell

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24
Q

Endomysium

A

Surrounds individual muscle cells/ fibers
Contains capillaries, myosatellite (stem) cells, and axons of neurons that control muscle fibers

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25
Q

How a skeletal muscle contracts

A

A nerve “stimulates” the skeletal
muscle cell
* This causes an electrical signal to travel
into the skeletal muscle cell
* Calcium and ATP allow myosin to bind to actin
* , myosin will pull actin inward
* This will shorten the sarcomere .
* As all of the sarcomeres shorten in the individual muscle cell—the entire muscle cell shortens
* If enough of the muscle cells in a muscle shorten, the entire
muscle will shorten

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26
Q

Perimysium

A

Surrounds bundles of muscle cells
* Contains collagen and elastin fibers, blood vessels, and nerves

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27
Q

Epimysium

A

Surrounds entire muscle
Separates muscle from surrounding tissues and organs

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28
Q

tendon

A

attach muscle to bone

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29
Q

Prime mover

A

“agonist” Muscle whose contraction chiefly responsible for
producing particular movement

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30
Q

Prime antagonist

A

Muscle whose action opposes particular
agonist. This muscle must yield to the agonist
for a contraction to occur

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31
Q

synergist

A

Muscle that helps larger agonist work efficiently

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32
Q

gastrocnemius function

A

Plantarfleion of ankle

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33
Q

triceps brachii function

A

Extends elbow

34
Q

pectoralis major function

A

abduct shoulder

35
Q

gluteus maximus function

A

extension of hip

36
Q

gluteus medius function

A

adduction of hip

37
Q

trapezius function

A

extends neck, lateral flexion of neck and shrug (elevate) shoulders

38
Q

hamstring muscles function

A

flexes knee

39
Q

deltoid and supraspinatus function

A

extends shoulder and abduct shoulder

40
Q

biceps brachii function

A

flexes elbow

41
Q

quadriceps muscles functions

A

extends knee

42
Q

tibialis anterior functions

A

dorsiflexion of ankle

43
Q

latissimus dorsi functions

A

flexes and adducts shoulder

44
Q

sternocladamastoid

A

muscle on neck that extends up

45
Q

temporalis

A

by temporal bone, on side of head

46
Q

massetar

A

on jaw

47
Q

pectoralis major

A

on your peck

48
Q

trapezius

A

triangle thing on back, large on top of back

49
Q

rhomboid major

A

below rhomboid minor, rhombus shaped by scapula

50
Q

rhomboid minor

A

above rhomboid major, smaller rhombus

51
Q

latissimus dorsi

A

super big muscle on back

52
Q

rectus abdominus

A

abs

53
Q

diaphragm

A

on outside of abs

54
Q

subscapularis

A

very deep, on inside of scapula

55
Q

supraspinatus

A

on posterior, above the second scapular bone

56
Q

infraspinatus

A

on posterior, below second scapular bone

57
Q

teres minor

A

on posterior, above teres major, connects to bone

58
Q

teres major

A

below teres minor, connects scapula to arm ish

59
Q

deltoid

A

on posterior, triangle by shoulder

60
Q

biceps brachii

A

inside of arm on top

61
Q

triceps brachii

A

outside of arm on top

62
Q

brachioradialis

A

inside of arm-muscle on bottom by wrist

63
Q

wrist extensors

A

wrist, outside arm

64
Q

wrist flexors

A

inside arm, by wrist

65
Q

psoas major

A

by hip, connects femur to spine

66
Q

gluteus maximus

A

posterior thigh, big circular muscle

67
Q

gluteus medius

A

top of posterior thigh, white stuff above gluteus Maximus

68
Q

adductor longus

A

connects femur to circle in pelvis

69
Q

sartorius

A

anterior thigh- muscle that goes Across leg

70
Q

gracilis

A

bottom most muscle on hip picture, connects femur to pubis symphasis

71
Q

semitendinosus

A

posterior thigh, middle muscle

72
Q

biceps femoris

A

posterior thigh, all the way to right muscle

73
Q

rectus femoris

A

anterior thigh- big muscle connecting to patella

74
Q

vastus medialis

A

anterior thigh- bottom big muscle closest to patella

75
Q

vastus lateralis

A

anterior thigh- muscle on lateral side, all the way to left

76
Q

vastus intermedius

A

anterior thigh-deep to rectus femoris

77
Q

gastrocnemius

A

hamstring

78
Q

soleus

A

small muscles on outside of hamstring

79
Q

tibialis anterior

A

muscle on tubia, front of bottom leg

80
Q

fibularis longus

A

on side of leg, long muscle on side

81
Q

extensor digitorum longus

A

on front of bottom leg, on outside of tibias anterior

82
Q

semimembranosus

A

posterior thigh, all the way to left muscle

gen. Anat (13 decks)

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