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gen. Anat > week 5- articulations > Flashcards

week 5- articulations Flashcards

1
Q

Articulations (Joints)

A

Two bones interconnect
don’t always have to move

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2
Q

Range of motion

A

Full potential movement of joint

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3
Q

Synarthrosis

A

No movement
I.e- suture line

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4
Q

Amphiarthrosis

A

Very little movement
I.e- pubic symphysis and intervertebral joints

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5
Q

Diarthrosis

A

Free movement
I.e- Ball and socket

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6
Q

Articular cartilage

A

Protects end of bones that are articulating
Bones do not touch

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7
Q

Joint capsule

A

Surrounds joint
lined with synovial membrane

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8
Q

synovial membrane

A

secretes synovial fluid

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9
Q

synovial fluid functions

A

Lubrication
Nutrient distribution
Shock absorption

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10
Q

ligaments

A

attach bone to bone
damage is called sprain

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11
Q

tendons

A

attach muscle to bone
damage is called strain

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12
Q

bursa

A

fluid filled sac that reduces friction in tendon

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13
Q

meniscus

A

extra pad of fibrous cartilage found in knee

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14
Q

dislocation

A

movement beyond normal range of motion

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15
Q

Gliding joint

A

shearing motion
A-C joint, intercarpel/tarsal joint

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16
Q

hinge joint

A

flexion/ extension
elbow knee ankle

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17
Q

pivot joint

A

one bone rotates around other
C1-C2, proximal radioulnar

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18
Q

ellipsoid joint

A

flexion/extension adduction/ab circumduction
radiocarpal

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19
Q

saddle joint

A

thumb

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20
Q

ball and socket joint

A

most movement
hip and shoulder

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21
Q

gliding motion

A

movement along two axes in one plane

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22
Q

circumduction

A

basically arm doing circle

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23
Q

rotation

A

bone ends remain fixed and shaft rotates
left and right rotation

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24
Q

flexion

A

reduces angle between articular elements

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25
Q

lateral flexion

A

vertebral column bending to the side

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26
Q

dorsiflexion

A

flexion at ankle and elevation of sole

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27
Q

plantarflexion

A

flexion at ankle and elevation of heel

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28
Q

extension

A

increases angle between articulating elements

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29
Q

abduction

A

movement away from body midline

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30
Q

adduction

A

movement towards body midline

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31
Q

pronation

A

back of hand go out

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32
Q

supination

A

palm is turned out

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33
Q

opposition

A

movement of thumb towards palm surface

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34
Q

protraction/retraction

A

movement forward in anterior plane/ reverse of that

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35
Q

inversion

A

turning food inward

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36
Q

eversion

A

turning foot outward

37
Q

depression

A

movement down of scapula

38
Q

elevation

A

movement up of scapula

39
Q

intervertebral discs composed of

A

annulus fibrosis
nucleus pulposus

40
Q

annulus fibrosis

A

outer layer of fibrous cartlidge, attach to adjacent vertebrae

41
Q

nucleus pulposus

A

soft core, provides shock absorbtion

42
Q

slipped disc

A

annulus fibrosis puts pressure on nerves

43
Q

herniated disc

A

nucleus pulpsous puts pressure on nerve

44
Q

degenerative disc disease

A

wear and tear of disc

45
Q

shoulder joint

A

greatest range of motion, most frequently dislocated

46
Q

ball and socket synovial joint

A

formed by head of humerus and glenoid cavity of scapula

47
Q

AC joint

A

gliding synovial joint, injury bis called shoulder separation

48
Q

elbow joint

A

hinge joint involving humerus, radius and ulna

49
Q

hip joint

A

ball and socket joint, formed by head of femur and acetabelum of hip bone

50
Q

knee joint

A

hinge joint femur and tibia

51
Q

ankle joint

A

hinge joint made up of tibia, fibula and talus

52
Q

osteoarthritis

A

cummelutive wear and tear of joints due to age, injury, overuse obesity

53
Q

Medial epicondyle of humerus

A

closest to middle, on side of “head”, bottom stick out part

54
Q

lateral epicondyle of humerus

A

farthest from middle, bottom stick out Part on outside

55
Q

head of humerus

A

head, ball

56
Q

greater tubercle of humerus

A

by head of humerus, sticks up

57
Q

lesser tubercle of humerus

A

below head of humerus

58
Q

olecranon

A

bone on ulna that sticks up “C”

59
Q

trochlear notch

A

notch in olecranon

60
Q

head of radius

A

top of radius, flat part

61
Q

radial tuberosity

A

below head, sticks out on front of radius

62
Q

styloid process of radius

A

bottom of radius

63
Q

scaphoid

A

first bone in hand,farthest from thumb

64
Q

lunate

A

second bone under middle finger

65
Q

triquetrum

A

second bone closest to pinky

66
Q

pisiform

A

first bone closest to ulna

67
Q

trapezium

A

closest to thumb bone

68
Q

trapezoid

A

under pointer finger

69
Q

capitate

A

under middle finger

70
Q

hamate

A

under ring finger

71
Q

greater trochanter of femur

A

outward part of top of femur

72
Q

lesser trochanter of femur

A

small outward part on femur below head

73
Q

head of femur

A

ball on femur

74
Q

neck of femur

A

below ball of femur

75
Q

lateral condyle of femur

A

on bottom, extends down, on side not of head

76
Q

medial condyle of femur

A

on bottom, extends down, on side of head

77
Q

lateral epicondlye of femur

A

on bottom, extends out, not on side of head

78
Q

medial epicondlye of femur

A

on bottom, extends out, on side of head

79
Q

tibial tuberosity

A

markings in front of tibia, up top

80
Q

medial condyle of tibia

A

top of tibia, extend up, inside, not on side of fibula

81
Q

lateral condyle of tibia

A

top of tibia, extends up, outside, some of fibula

82
Q

medial malleolus of tibia

A

bottom tibia, inside, extends down

83
Q

lateral malleolus of fibula

A

bottom fibula, extends down

84
Q

head of fibula

A

top flat part

85
Q

talus

A

second huge bone, on side of big toe

86
Q

calcaneus

A

first huge bone connected to ankle

87
Q

navicular

A

connected to talus, smaller bone

88
Q

cuboid

A

connected to calcaneus

gen. Anat (13 decks)

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