Week 6 - L6 - Managing Cultures

Question 1

List the 3 levels of culture:

Answer 1

Level 1: Artifacts
Level 2: Routine practices and espoused beliefs
Level 3: Basic assumptions

Question 2

Which level of culture is “Routines of participation and decision-making expressing consistent beliefs expressed with emotional investment”:
Level 1: Artifacts
Level 2: Routine practices and espoused beliefs
Level 3: Basic assumptions

Answer 2

Level 2: Routine practices and espoused beliefs

Question 3

Which level of culture is “Intangible, mainly unconscious, and tacit frames that subconsciously shape values and artifacts”:
Level 1: Artifacts
Level 2: Routine practices and espoused beliefs
Level 3: Basic assumptions

Answer 3

Level 3: Basic assumptions

Question 4

Which level is the most difficult to change?
Level 1: Artifacts
Level 2: Routine practices and espoused beliefs
Level 3: Basic assumptions

Answer 4

Level 3: Basic assumptions

Question 5

Which level is the most intangible?
Level 1: Artifacts
Level 2: Routine practices and espoused beliefs
Level 3: Basic assumptions

Answer 5

Level 3: Basic assumptions

Question 6

Which scholar argues that change occurs by ‘cognitive redefinition’?
A. Schein
B. Smircich
C. Tourish
D. Stacey

Answer 6

A. Schein

Question 7

Martin (2002), in a classic contribution, distinguishes between 3 perspectives on organisation culture:

Answer 7

o Integrative
o Differentiated
o Fragmented

Question 8

Which perspectives on organisation culture insists on organisational homogeneity, strong and common accepted culture, and has sanctioned values?:

a. Fragmented
b. Differentiated
c. Integrative

Answer 8

c. Integrative

Question 9

Which perspectives on organisation culture believes that more than 1 culture is likely to be the norm, and is made up of subcultures?

a. Fragmented
b. Differentiated
c. Integrative

Answer 9

b. Differentiated

Question 10

Culture in organisations condenses and coalesces around issues
Issues arise, are settled or fade away, and the cultural coalitions shift accordingly
Which perspectives on organisation culture believes this?
a. Differentiated
b. Integrative
c. Fragmented

Answer 10

c. Fragmented

Question 11

List Hofstede’s original dimensions (4)

Answer 11

• Power Distance
• Uncertainty Avoidance
• Individualism versus Collectivism
• Masculinity versus Femininity

Question 12

Relating to Hofstede’s original dimensions, which is “the extent to which the less powerful members of organisations and institutions within a country expect and accept that power is distributed unequally”?

a. Power Distance
b. Uncertainty Avoidance
c. Individualism versus Collectivism
d. Masculinity versus Femininity

Answer 12

a. Power Distance

Question 13

List Hofstede’s additional dimensions (2)

Answer 13

• Long-term Orientation versus Short-term Orientation:

- Indulgence versus Restraint: