Week 6-Extinction Flashcards
Extinction
Occurs when reinforcement of a previously reinforced behavior is discontinued
- Occurrence of that behavior decreases in the future
Does NOT prevent the behavior from occurring
Occurs when reinforcement of a previously reinforced behavior is discontinued
- Occurrence of that behavior decreases in the future
Does NOT prevent the behavior from occurring
Extinction
Secondary Effects of Extinction
- extinction burst
- response variation
- initial increase in response magnitude
- spontaneous recovery
- resurgence
- Emotional outbursts and aggression
- extinction burst
The immediate increase in rate of response after removing the positive, negative, or automatic reinforcement
- Common effect of the extinction procedure
Problem behaviors can worsen during extincion before they how inspirement
The immediate increase in rate of response after removing the positive, negative, or automatic reinforcement
- Common effect of the extinction procedure
Problem behaviors can worsen during extincion before they how inspirement
- extinction burst
Response Variation
Diverse and noble forms of behavior are sometimes observed during the extinction process
- Called extinction-induced variability
Diverse and noble forms of behavior are sometimes observed during the extinction process
- Called extinction-induced variability
Response Variation
Initial Increase in Response Magnitude
An increase in response magnitude may occur during the early stages of extinction
An increase in response magnitude may occur during the early stages of extinction
Initial Increase in Response Magnitude
Spontaneous Recovery
The reappearance of the behavior after it has diminished to its reinforcement level or stopped entirely
- Short-lived and limited if the extinction procedure remains in effect
The behavior that diminished during the extinction process recurs
- Even though the behavior does not produce reinforcement
The reappearance of the behavior after it has diminished to its reinforcement level or stopped entirely
- Short-lived and limited if the extinction procedure remains in effect
The behavior that diminished during the extinction process recurs
- Even though the behavior does not produce reinforcement
Spontaneous Recovery
Resurgence
The reoccurrence of a previously reinforced behavior when the reinforcement for an alternative behavior is terminated or decreased
The three-phase procedure that produces the effect:
- A target behavior is reinforced
- The target behavior is placed on extinction and reinforcement provided for an alternative behavior
- Both responses are placed on extinction
The reoccurrence of a previously reinforced behavior when the reinforcement for an alternative behavior is terminated or decreased
The three-phase procedure that produces the effect:
- A target behavior is reinforced
- The target behavior is placed on extinction and reinforcement provided for an alternative behavior
- Both responses are placed on extinction
Resurgence
Emotional Outbursts and Aggression
Placing a behavior on extinction may evoke other emotional or aggressive behaviors
Placing a behavior on extinction may evoke other emotional or aggressive behaviors
Emotional Outbursts and Aggression
Resistance to Extinction def
Continued responding during an extinction procedure
Continued responding during an extinction procedure
Resistance to Extinction def
Three measures of resistance to extinction:
- Declining rate of response
- Total count of responses emitted before responding cease or attains some final low level
- Duration of time required for the behavior to reach a predetermined criterion
Resistance to extinction as it related to intermittent:
May produce behavior with greater resistance to extinction than behaviors previously reinforced by continuous reinforcement
Some intermittent schedules may produce more persistent responding during extinction than others
The thinner the schedule of reinforcement, the greater the resistance
Motivating Operations
The strength of the establishing operation above the minimum level will influence resistance to extinction
Number, Magnitude, and Quality of Reinforcement
A behavior with a long history of reinforcement may have more resistance to extinction than a behavior with a shorter history of reinforcement
The magnitude and quality of a reinforcer will likely influence the resistance to extinction.
Response Effort
A response requiring greater effort diminishes more quickly during extinction than a response requiring less effort
Using Extinction Effectively
- Withholding all Reinforcers Maintaining the Problem Behavior
- Withhold Reinforcement Consistently
- Combine Extinction with Other Procedures
- Use Instructions
- Plan for Extinction-Produced Aggression
- Increase the Number of Extinction Trials
- Include Significant Others in Extinction
- Maintain Extinction-Decreased Behavior
- Guard Against Unintentional Extinction
When NOT to Use Extinction
The behavior is harmful
All sources of reinforcement cannot be withheld
A rapid reduction is response rate is required
Others are likely imitate the problem behavior
