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Roman Republic > Week 6 > Flashcards

Week 6 Flashcards

1
Q

Why were the Successor Kingdoms beneficial for Rome?

A
  • They were so divided that Rome could deal with one at a time
  • They had a lot of infighting that Rome could take advantage of
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2
Q

Which was the first successor kingdom the Romans fought against?

A

Antigonid Kingdom

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3
Q

Who was king of the Antigonids during the Punic War Era?

A

Philip V

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4
Q

What caused the Illyrian War?

A

Illyrian piracy disturbing Roman shipping

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5
Q

What is the difference between empire and hegemony?

A
  • Empire is direct control over foreign states
  • Hegemony is composed of protectorates and states you fully influence
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6
Q

Why did the Romans fight Philip V in the First Macedonian War?

A

Because he had allied himself with Hannibal

Why? Hannibal promised him Illyria

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7
Q

What caused the Second Macedonian War?

A
  • Kingdom of Pergamon asked Rome for help because Philip V was advancing east against Antiochus III
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8
Q

What general did the Romans send to deal with Philip V in the Second Macedonian War?

A

Titus Quintus Flaminius

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9
Q

At which battle did Flaminius destroy Philip V of Macedon?

A

Cynosephalae, 197 BC

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10
Q

How did Flaminius defeat Philip’s army?

A
  • The battle was fought on rougher terrain
  • So, the Roman maniples prevailed over the sarissa phalanx, which required flat open space to operate
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11
Q

Why was Rome considered as the saviour of the Greeks after the Second Macedonian War?

A
  • Because they had defeated and shrunk Macedon and rallied the Greek city states
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12
Q

Who did the Romans fight after dealing with Philip V?

A

Antiochus III

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13
Q

Whose court did Hannibal flee to?

A

Antiochus III

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14
Q

Why did the Romans fight Antiochus III?

A

Antiochus decided to sweep up the Greek city states instead of taking Hannibal’s advice to rally with the other Hellenistic states

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15
Q

What was the main battle from Rome’s war with Antiochus III?

A

Thermopylae

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16
Q

What caused the 3rd Macedonian War?

A
  • Romans grew weary of Philip Vs son, King Perseus of Antigonid
  • Younger Roman senators wanted to send lying envoys to agree on peace with Perseus, only to buy time for Roman preparation to catch him unaware with an invasion
  • Older Senators saw this as a degradation in Roman morals
  • Younger Senators prevailed, thus setting this plan forth
17
Q

Who was sent to fight Perseus of Antigonid?

A

Paulus

18
Q

At which battle are the Macedonians under Perseus of Antigonid destroyed by Paulus?

A

Battle of Pydna, 168 BC

19
Q

What omen did Paulus receive on the eve of the Battle of Pydna?

A
  • A Lunar Eclipse, which prophesized the downfall of a king
20
Q

__________ had a massive, 3 day long triumph, introducing vast spoils and Greek art to Rome.

A

Paulus

21
Q

How did Romans become acquainted and appreciative of Greek art?

A

War and looting

22
Q

What caused the 4th, and final, Macedonian War?

A

A man named Adriscus claimed to be Perseus’ son and revolted

(it failed miserably)

23
Q

Who were the first overseas allies of Rome?

A

The Aetolians

24
Q

During the 3rd Macedonian War, what innocent neutral city did Rome sack simply for its wealth?

A

Epirus

25
Q

What was Rome’s purge of the Aetolian League?

A
  • Despite being Rome’s first overseas allies, the Romans deported 1000 Aetolian citizens to Italy, for fear of Macedonian sympathies
26
Q

What famous historian was a part of the Aetolian refugees to Italy during the purge?

A

Polybius

27
Q

What did the Romans do to force Antiochus IV to withdraw from Egypt?

A

Linus drew a circle in the dirt around Antiochus, ordering him that he may not leave the circle until he withdrawals from Egypt

  • This showed that the Romans now had a say and control in other people’s policies on top of their own
28
Q

Which Roman writer was furious about the degradation of Roman values from plundered luxuries?

A

Cato the Elder

29
Q

Who wrote the first history in Latin?

A

Cato the Elder

30
Q

Define: Delemda est Carthago

A

“Carthage must be destroyed”

Said at the end of Cato the Elder’s famous speech urging the Third Punic War

31
Q

How did Cato the Elder persuade the Senate that Carthage had not been punished sufficiently after the Second Punic War?

A
  • He brought in fresh Carthaginian figs to show the Senate just how well Carthage was doing
32
Q

What demands did Rome give to Carthage at the onset of the Third Punic War?

A
  • Disband the Carthaginian army (Hasdrubal complies)
  • Flee Carthage and cease any Mediterranean influence (Carthage had no choice but to fight)
33
Q

True or False: The Siege of Carthage was one of the worst disasters of extermination in Roman history.

A

TRUE

34
Q

What 3 reasons caused the Romans to switch from defensive foreign policy to offensive?

A
  1. Senatorial Ambition and Personal Glory
  2. Senatorial Greed and Fortune
  3. Non-Senatorial Business Interests
35
Q

True or False: In 218 BC, a law was passed stating that senators and their sons could NOT be involved in overseas commerce.

A

TRUE

Why? –> Because they would have ulterior business motives in declaring war

36
Q

Name the city: The Romans sacked it mercilessly, enslaved its citizens, leaving only the Temple of Apollo standing in 146 BC.

A

Corinth

37
Q

In what year was Carthage sacked?

A

146 BC

38
Q

In what year do Romans secure complete power in the west?

A

146 BC

39
Q

In what year do internal struggles in Rome begin?

A

146 BC

Roman Republic (14 decks)

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