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NS2881 > week 6 > Flashcards

week 6 Flashcards

1
Q

what detects flow rate in the kidneys?

A

macula densa

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2
Q

what other external mechanism control flow rate in the kidney?

A
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3
Q

angiotensin will …… filtration rate

A

increase

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4
Q

noradrenaline will …… filtration rate

A

decrease

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5
Q

prostaglandins will …… filtration rate

A

increase

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6
Q

nitrous oxide will …… filtration rate

A

increase

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7
Q

overalll glomerular filtration rate is determined using what?

A

creatine

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8
Q

what is acute glomerulonephritis ?
how it treated ?

A

is damage to the glomerulus leading to protein losses this occurs because of excess immune response in the kidney which cause inflammation and injury to the glomerular basement membrane
treatment with steroids and plasmapheresis

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9
Q

nephrotic syndrome is caused by ?
and treatment

A

significant damage to the glomerular basement which cause excess protein losses
this can cause oedema ,hyperlipidaemia, increase for thrombosis risk and treatmet is with diuretics

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10
Q

acute renal injury is what?

A

sudden loss of renal fuction
it is diagnosied by low urine output and increase in creatinine and nitrogen (urea)

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11
Q

what is 3 causes of acute renal injury?

A

inadequate blood supple(pre-renal)
Damage to Nephron(renal or intra-renal)
ureter blockage(post renal)

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12
Q

What dose RIFLE SCALE stand for ?

A

it is a messurement of the serverity of kidney injury
RISK
INJURY
FAILURE
LOSS
END-STAGE

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13
Q

What dose oliguria lead to ?

A
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14
Q

what are the 2most common causes of intrarenal failure

A

tubular necrosis
. ischaemic
. nephrotoxic

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15
Q

what are the 2most common causes of intrarenal failure

A

tubular necrosis
. ischaemic
. nephrotoxic

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16
Q

The oliguric phase monitoring and treatment for sodium?

A

fluid management(adequate with adequate ions)

17
Q

The oliguric phase monitoring and treatment with potassium

A

insulin/beta agoinsts/sodium polystyrene sulfonate

18
Q

The oliguric phase monitoring and treatment foR Creatinine, urine output , sodium, potassium p.H, oedema,urea or anorexia

A
19
Q

post renal obstruction inhibits renal outflow the cause of this can because of ?

A

occlusion of ureter/urethra
or
drug inhibiting bladder contractions, sphincter relaxation

20
Q

incontinence drug that inhibit cholinergic do what ?

A

induce bladder contractions

21
Q

incontinence drugs that stiumlate noradrenaline have what effect on the body?

A

they effect the urinary sphincters

22
Q
A
23
Q

what symptoms are you going to see in renal injury for
1.risk
2. injury
3. failure

A

1.risk- none
2. injury -azotemia-high levels of urea in the blood
you may have ——–acidosis, hyperkalaemia-high levels of potassium,oedema
3.you will have azotemia,acidosis,hyperkalaemia,oedema

24
Q

how is chronic kidney disease diagnosed?

A

glomerular filtration rates(urine protein (albumin)

25
Q
A
26
Q

what are common symptoms of renal failure?

A
27
Q

what are common symptoms of renal failure?

A
28
Q
A
29
Q

what is common signs and systptoms of acute kidney injury?

A

decreased UO
FLUID OVERLOAD(hypervolaemia)
metabolic acidosis
sodium imbalance
hyperkalaemia
increased urea and creatine

30
Q

what are the 3 stages of acute kidney injury healing

A

oliguric phase
diuretic phase
recovery phase

31
Q

what are the stages of CKD

A

STAGE 1-normal function
STAGE 2 - loss of function
STAGE 3 - moderate loss of function
STAGE 4- severe loss of function
STAGE 5- kidney failure

32
Q

what stuff do we need to educate our patient on when is comes to CKD?

A
33
Q

What factor determine the severity or stage of chronic kidney disease?
1. urea and creatinine
2. sodium and potassium level
3.glomerular filtration rate(eGFR)
4. URINE OUTPUT

A

eGFR

34
Q

Assessment of an arteriovenous fistula should include checking
what 3things ?

A

checking the perfusion
palpating for thrill
auscultating for bruit

35
Q
A
36
Q

whar are the 3 phases of peritioneal dialysis?

A

inflow,dwell,drain

NS2881 (12 decks)

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