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NS2881 > medications > Flashcards

medications Flashcards

1
Q

what is Naprosyn used for?
how it work
and common side effects

A

is anti-flammatory drug ,analgesic and antipyretic - used for rheumatoid arthritis,osteoarthritis,ankylosing spondylitis, JIA and pain due to inflammation
works on inhitbing prostaglandins
common side effects nausea,dyspepsia,GI ulceration or bleeding,raised liver enzymes,diarrhoea, headache , dizziness and salt and fluid retention

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2
Q

what is cozavan used for?
how it work
and common side effects

A

Used for hypertension and works by Competitively block binding of angiotensinII to type1 angiotensin (AT1) receptors. They reduce angiotensinII-induced vasoconstriction, sodium reabsorption and aldosterone release. They also reduce the effect of angiotensinII on sympathetic nervous activity and growth factors
common side effects dizziness, headache, hyperkalaemia

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3
Q

lithium common side effect and what its used for

A

mood stabilisers main choice drug for acute mania
tremor,stomach upset,polyuria,polydipsia

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4
Q

What dose ADME stand for ?

A

absorption
distribution
metabolism
excretion

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5
Q

is it ends in PRIL or SARTAN what dose that mean?

A

it means it lowers blood pressure

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6
Q

is it ends in PRIL or SARTAN what dose that mean?

A

it means it lowers blood pressure

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7
Q

what dose it mean if a medication ends in PINES and how dose it work

A

it lowers blood pressure by blocking CA channels

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8
Q

Non-dihydropyidines verapamil and diltiazem dose what ?

A

it target calium channel more in the heart to drcrease blood pressure

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9
Q

AMITRIPTYLINE

A

for major depression
side effects: sedation,dry month,blurred vision, dialation of the pupil, decrease eye lube, constipation, weight gain, blood pressure standing and sitting , tachycardia, urinary problems

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10
Q

aspirin

A

INDICATIONS :ACS-Acute coronary syndrome
history of symptomatic atherosclerosis- cholesterol build up
relief of pain, inflammation and fever
adverse effects- GI irritation, asymptomatic blood loss, increased bleeding time
MODE OF ACTION: inhibits platelet aggegation by irreversibly inhibiting cyclo-oxygenase, reducing the synthesis of

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11
Q

atorvastatin

A

WHAT ITS USED FOR :hypercholesterolaemia-High amounts of cholesterol in the blood.
hypertensive patients with additional risk factors of heart disease
WORKS BY : competitvely inhibiting 3-hydroxy3-methylglutarly coenzyme A, increase hepatic cholesterol uptake from blood , reducing concentrations of total cholesterol
COMMON SIDE EFFECTS: myalgia, mild transient GI symptoms, headaches, sleep disurbance, dizziness

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12
Q

docusate

A

WHAT ITS FOR: Constipation
WORKS BY: soften stools by assisting mixture of water into faeces
common side effects:adominal cramps , diarrhoea, nausea, rash

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13
Q

fluticasone-salmeterol

A

WHAT ITS FOR : maintence of asthma and COPD

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14
Q

haloperidol

A

WHAT ITS FOR: anitphychotic drug , acture mania, acute/chronic psychoses, tourette, choreas

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15
Q

lercanidipine

A

USED FOR :hypertension and angina
HOW IT WORK: block inward current of calcium into cell in vascular smooth muscle

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16
Q
A

de

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17
Q

Macrogol

A

used for constipation

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18
Q

Magnesium aspartate

A

oral electrolytes

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19
Q

mirtazapine

A

USED FOR :major depression
WORKS BY :Postsynaptic blockade of sertonin 5HT2 AND 5HT3 receptors and presynaptic blockade of central alpha2 adrenergic inhibitory autoreptors. it is aalso a potent H1 antagonist which accounts for its sedative effects

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20
Q

Pantoprazole

A

For heartburn
HOW IT FOR: peptic ulcer disease,GORD, Zollinger- Ellison syndrome
HOW IT WORKS :binds to the hydrogen/ potassium ATPase enzyme system (Proton pump), inhibiting both stimulated and basal acid secretion

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21
Q

prazosin

A

USED FOR: hypertension and relief in BPH
HOW IT WORK: selective alpha 1 blocker:arteriolar and venous vasodilation results in decreased peripheral resistance and BP.BPH

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22
Q

BISOPROLOL

A

WHO IT FOR : chronic heart f
HOW IT WORK: competitively block beta receptors in the heart, peripheral vasculature, bronchi, pancreas,uterus , kidney , brain and liver. Beta blockers reduce heart rate,BP and cardiac contractility: also depress sinus node rate and slow conduction through the atrioventricular node and prolong atrial refractory periods.

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23
Q

Propranolol

A

USED FOR:hypertension, angina,tachyarrhythmias ect
HOW IT WORK: completitelu blocks beta receptors in the heart, peripheral vasculature,bronchi, pancreas, uterus, kidney, brain and liver
Beta blockers reduce heart rate,BP and cardiac contractility :also depress sinus node rate and slow conduction through the artioventricular(AV) node and prolong artial refractory peroids

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24
Q

zolpidem

A

WORKS BY : inhibition effects of GABA
USED FOR:short term insomnia

25
Q

thiamine or B1

A

WORKS BY:coenzyme incarbohydrate METABOLISM
WHO IT FOR: alcohol misuse, malnutrition, severe malabsoption, prolong fasting, total parenteral nitrition

26
Q

enoxaparin

A

thins blood
WORKS BY: inactivate clotting factors IIa and Xa by binding to antithrombin 3

27
Q

Pregabalin

A

USED FOR :neuropathic pain, Seizures

28
Q

levodopa-benserazide

A

USED FOR : parkinson disease
WORKS BY : levodopa is converts to dopamine in the brain and peripheral tissues and replenishes depleted striatal dopamine.Benserazide reduces peripheral dopamine production

29
Q

macrogol

A

constipation
facal impact
WORK BY :Increasing fluid in stool

30
Q

metaformin

A

type 2 diabetes
reduces hepatic glucose production

31
Q

moxonidine

A

hypertension
WORKS BY : acting agonist at I1 imidazoline receptors and alpha2 adrenoreptors, it reducesBP by reducing sympathetic tone

32
Q

sertraline

A

What its used for : major depression, obsessive-compulsive disorder, panic disoder, social phobia, prementrual dysphoric disoder
WORKS BY : SSRIs selectively inhibit the presynapic reuptake of serotonin

33
Q

colecalciferol

A

Who it for: THOSE LOW IN vitamin D
HOW IT WORK?: regulate calcium homeostasis and bone metabolism. increase intesterinal absorption and renal reabsorption of calcium phosphate. Promote bone mineralisation

34
Q

sodium citrate-sodium lauryl sulfocetate-sorbitol

A

used for constripation

35
Q

clonidine

A

what its used for :HYPERTENSION, treatment of meopausal flushing
How it work: acting agoinist at alpha2 adren

36
Q

gliclazide

A

what its used for : TYPE 2 DIABETES
HOW it works: Increase pancreatic insulin secretion; may decrease insulin resistance

37
Q

haloperidol

A

WHAT ITS USED FOR:acute and chronic psychoses, acute mania, tourette syndrome and other choreas

38
Q

PERINDOPRIL

A

WHAT ITS USED FOR : Hypertension, chronic heart failure with reduced ejection fraction as part of standard treatment

39
Q

valproate

A

WHAT IS IT USED FOR : primary generalised epilepsy
HOW IT : prevents repetitive neuronal discharge by blocking voltage and use dependant sodium channels , other actions include enhancement of GABA, inhibiting of glutamate and bloackade of T-TYPE calcium channels

40
Q

bisoprolol

A

what its used for : chronic heart failure with reduced ejection fraction as part of standard treatment, used in range of cardivascular conditions hypertension, angina,MI ECT
HOW IT WORK:complietely blocks beta receptors which help to reduce heart rate, BP AND cardiac contractility:also depress sinus nod and slow conduction through the av

41
Q

lansoprazole

A

what its used for : peptic ulcer disease
GORD
H.PYLORI eradication, as part of an effective regimen
dyspepsia
HOW IT WORK: bind to hydrogen/potassium APTase enzyme system(proton pump), inhibiting both stimulated and basal acid secretion

42
Q

baclofen

A

WHAT ITS USED FOR: chronic spasticity associated with MS and spinal cord lesions, chronic spasticity of cerebral origin
HOW IT WORK: mucle relaxant :it is structural analogue of GABA;GABAb agonist. inhibits transmission at spinal level and depresses the CNS

43
Q

escitalopram

A

WHAT ITS USED FOR: major depression, generalised anxiety disorder, social phobia, obsessive compulsive disorder
HOW IT WORK:SSRIs selectively inhibit the presynapic reuptake of serotonin

44
Q

mometasone nasal

A

WHAT ITS USED FOR; allergic rhinitis,acute rhinosinusitis, nasal polyps
HOW IT WORK: produces local anti-inflammatory effects, decrease capillary permeability and muscus production, and produce vasocontriction in the nasal mucosa

45
Q

prednisolone

A

WHAT IS IT USED FOR : in a wide range of conditions for there anti-inflammatory and immunosuppressant effects,used in physiological doses as replacment therapy in adrenal insufficiency
HOW IT WORK:Regulates gene expression

46
Q

tapentadol

A

what its used for :sever pain
HOW IT WORK: act on receptors in the CNS and GIT producing analgesia

47
Q

aluminium hydroxide

A

WHAT ITS USED FOR :symptomatic relief of dyspepsia,pe

48
Q

lacosamide

A

used to treat partial-onset seizures

49
Q

amlodipine

A

HOW IT WORK:blocks inward current of calcium into cell in vascular smooth muscle, myocardium and cardiac conducting system via L -type calcium channels
WHAT IT TREAT: hypertension , angina

50
Q

ezetimibe

A

WHAT ITS USED FOR : hypercholesterolaemia,homozygous sitosterolaemia
HOW it WORK:reduces absorption of dietary and biliary cholesterol by in hibiting it transport across the intestinal wall. this leads to an increased demand for cholesterol, an increase in LDL uptake and its removal from the plasma

51
Q

ezetimibe

A
52
Q

rosuvastatin

A

WHAT ITS USED FOR:hypercholesterolaemia, high risk of cardiovascular disease
HOW IT WORK:Competitively inhibit 3-hydroxy 3-methylglutaryl coenzyme A reductase. increase hepatic cholesterol uptake from blood, reduce concentration of total cholesterol,LDL and triglyceride and produce a small increase in HDL concentrations

53
Q

Diazepam

A

HOW IT WORK: benzodiazepines potentiate the inhibitory effects of GABA th
WHAT IT TREATS: short-term anxiety, agitation, acute alcohol withdrawal, muscle spasm or spasticity, premedication, procedural sedation, status epilepticus

54
Q

bisacodyi

A

WHAT IT TREATS:constipation, Bowel preparation
HOW IT WORK: act by direct stimulation of nerve endings in colonic mucosa to increase intestinal motility. May also cause accumulation of water and electrolytes in the colonic lumen

55
Q

ferrous sulfate

A

WHAT IT TREATS: Iron deficiency

56
Q

flucloxacillin

A

WHAT IT TREATS: staphylocccal skin infection,pneumonia, osteomyelitis,septic arthritis, septicaemia, empirical treatment for endocarditis
HOW IT WORK: Bactericidal;interfere with bacterial cell wall peptidoglycan synthesis by binding to penicillin-binding proteins, eventually leading to cell lysis and death

57
Q

levetiracetam

A

WHAT IT TREATS: seizures

58
Q

salbutamol

A

WHAT IT TREATS: relief from asthma and COPD, prevention of excise -induced bronchoconstriction,management of preterm labour
HOW IT WORK : relax bronchial smooth muscle by stimulating beta 2 adrenoreptors

NS2881 (12 decks)

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