WEEK 5 TRACHEA FINISHED Flashcards

1
Q

How long is the trachea?

A

10 cm long

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2
Q

What makes the trachea?

A

Hyaline cartilage tube

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3
Q

Where does the trachea extend?

A

From the larynx into the thorax where is divides into left and right bronchi

C6 to the sternal angle

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4
Q

Posterior aspect of the trachea is different, why?

A

Gap in the rings for mobility.

Smooth muscle - trachealis

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5
Q

What is lateral to the trachea?

A

Common carotid arteries and the thyroid lobes

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6
Q

What is to the right of the trachea?

A

The brachiocephalic trunk in the root of the neck

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7
Q

What is anterior to the trachea?

A

Isthmus of the thyroid gland 2nd/3rd tracheal rings

Inferior to the isthmus is the inferior thyroid veins

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8
Q

What is posterior to the trachea?

A

Oesophagus (between the 2 runs the recurrent laryngeal nerve)

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9
Q

What type of epithelium does the trachea have?

A

Pseudostratified columnar ciliated epithelium

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10
Q

What is the blood supply to the trachea?

A

Inferior thyroid arteries and bronchial arteries

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11
Q

Where does the blood supply to the trachea anastomose?

A

Around the tracheal wall

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12
Q

Where do the veins that drain the trachea drain into?

A

Into the inferior thyroid plexus (left brachiocephalic vein)q

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13
Q

What is the nerve supply for the trachea?

A

CN X

Upper thoracic sympathetics T1-T6

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14
Q

Where to the primary bronchi pass?

A

Inferolaterally from the bifurcation of the trachea (at the angle of louis level/T4-T5 IVD) to pass to the hill of each lung

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15
Q

What are the features of the right main bronchus?

A

Wider, shorter and runs more vertically

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16
Q

What are the features of the left main bronchus?

A

Narrower and longer. Passes inferolaterally under the arch of the aorta and then in front of the oesophagus and thoracic aorta then to the hilum of the lung

17
Q

How many secondary bronchi on the left and right?

A

2 on the left

3 on the right

18
Q

Approx how many tertiary/segmental bronchi are there?

A

around 10 per side

19
Q

How many terminal bronchi are there?

A

around 20-25 per side

20
Q

What is the progression of the bronchiole branches?

A

Main bronchi, secondary bronchi (lobar), tertiary (segmental), terminal bronchi, respiratory bronchi, alveolar ducts, sacs, alveoli

21
Q

Arterial supply of the bronchi?

A
Bronchial arteries
Usually 3 (2 on left, 1 on right)
22
Q

Where do the left bronchial arteries arise? How many of them are there?

A

Left aspect of the thoracic aorta

Usually 2

23
Q

Where does the right bronchial artery arise?

A
Off thoracic aorta
OR
Superior posterior intercostal artery
OR
Common trunk with the left superior bronchial arteries