Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

PSY112 - Brain & Behaviour > Week 5 - Sensation & Perception > Flashcards

Week 5 - Sensation & Perception Flashcards

You may prefer our related Brainscape-certified flashcards:
The Brain flashcards
1
Q

What is Sensation?

A

The process by which the sense organs (eg eyes, ears, skin) gather information about the environment

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What is Perception?

A

The process by which sensory information is selected, organised and interpreted

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

There is no 1:1 correspondence between what (2) things?

A

physical and psychological activity

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What is the process of transduction?

A

Turning environmental energy into neural impulses

Sense receptors transduce stimuli into signals

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What is the study of Psychophysics?

A

Study of how we perceive sensory stimuli based on their physical characteristics

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What is the Absolute Threshold?

A

The lowest level of a stimulus (on its own) that we can detect 50% of the time
eg a candle 30km away

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What is Just Noticeable Difference?

A

Smallest change in intensity of a stimulus we can detect

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What does JND depend on?

- Level

A

Level of intensity of a new stimulus

Level of stimulation already present

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What is Weber’s Law?

A

Regardless of the magnitude of the two stimuli, the second stimulus must differ from the first by a constant proportion for it to be perceived as different
- 1/50 for the average person

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What is the Signal Detection Theory?

A

Sensation occurs when we judge whether a stimulus is present or not

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What 2 processes contribute to signal detection?

A 
Initial sensory process (sensitivity to the stimulus)
Decision process (the individuals readiness to report detecting a stimulus when uncertain
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What is Attention?

A

A mental phenomenon of concentration and its shifts in focus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What is attention influenced by?

A

External and internal events

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What is Selective Attention?

A

Allows us to select some inputs for further processing and ignore others

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What does the Cocktail Phenomenon suggest?

A

That even when we selectively attend to a conversation we are subconsciously monitoring other conversations around us.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What are the 2 errors of attention?

A

inattentional blindness

change blindness

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

What is Inattentional Blindness?

A

A failure to see something in plain slight

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

What is Change Blindness?

A

The inability to detect changes in scenes when looking at them

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

What is Divided Attention?

A

Performing multiple tasks simultaneously

20
Q

Mixing light produces =

A

whites (additive)

21
Q

Mixing pigments produces =

A

blacks (subtractive)

22
Q

Brightness =

A

intensity

23
Q

Hue =

A

colour

24
Q

What are the 2 processes involved in the eye?

A

Focussing light on the retina

Transducing the image into nerve signals

25
Q

What is Myopia?

A

Nearsighted (light focused in front of the rear of the eye)

26
Q

What is Hyperopia

A

Farsighted (light focused behind the rear of the eye)

27
Q

What are the 2 photoreceptors?

A

rods and cones

28
Q

What is the role of photo receptors?

A

Turn light into electrical signals

29
Q

Rods are associated with? (3)

A

Low light
Monochromatic
Peripheral Vision

30
Q

Cones are associated with what? (3)

A

Bright light
Colour vision
Central Vision (fine detail)

31
Q

The retina contains what?

A

Rods and cones

32
Q

Simple cells respond best to which stimuli?

A

Light of specific orientation at a particular level

33
Q

Complex cells respond best to which stimuli?

A

Specific orientation but less dependent on location

34
Q

Feature Detectors respond best to which stimuli?

A

Lines and edges (simplex/complex), lengths of lines, shapes, movement, colour etc

35
Q

What are the 2 theories of colour vision?

A

Trichromatic Theory

Opponent Process Theory

36
Q

Explain the Trichromatic Theory of colour vision

A

Colour vision is based on our sensitivity to three primary colours (red, blue, green)

  • Consistent with three types of cones in the eyes
  • Explains colour blindness
37
Q

Explain the Opponent Process Theory of colour vision

A

Colour vision is a function of complementary opposing colours

  • red vs green
  • blue vs yellow
  • black vs white
38
Q

What are the 2 treatable causes of blindness?

A

Cataract and Glaucoma

39
Q

What are the 3 types of colour blindness?

A

Monochromacy
Dichromacy
Trichromacy (anomalous)

40
Q

What is the most usual cause of colour blindness?

A

Faulty cone development (can be genetical)

- Far more common in males

41
Q

What can also cause colour blindness?

A

Physical or chemical damage to the eye, optic nerve or cortical visual processing areas

42
Q

What is Motion Blindness?

A

Inability to perceive motion (or stitch together the incoming images)

43
Q

What is Visual Agnosia?

A

Inability to recognise objects, despite normal ability to describe the shape and colour etc

44
Q

What is Prosopagnosia?

A

Face blindness

45
Q

What are cortically blind (total or partial loss of vision in a normal-appearing eye caused by damage to the brain’s occipital cortex) people able to do?

A

Perform tasks (identify shapes/location) due to the collicular pathway of vision

PSY112 - Brain & Behaviour (11 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions