Week 5 Flashcards
What are some of the functional implications of limited elbow flexion?
Difficulty Bathing
Doing your hair
Self-Feeding
Brushing Teeth
Driving
ADLs/IADLs
ect.
Ulna
Largest bone of the forearm
Stable base for elbow flexion and forearm rotation
What are the flexors of the elbow?
Biceps Brachii- Elbow Flexion
Brachialis- Workhorse of elbow flexion
Brachioradialis- Flex the elbow joint and rotates forearm to neutral (coffee drinking muscle)
What are the extensors of the elbow?
Triceps Brachii
Anconeus
Both help with functional mobility when using the upper extremities in a closed-chain pattern to support movement or positioning of the body
What are the primary rotators of the forearm?
Biceps Brachii
Supinator
Pronator Teres
Pronator Quadratus
What does the humero-ulnar joint do?
Flexion and Extension
Provides stability
What does the humeroradial joint do?
Provides elbow stability
What does the proximal radio-ulnar joint do?
Helps to reduce friction during prosupination at the elbow
What does the distal radio-ulnar joint do?
Provides stability due to connective tissue and muscle support on the wrist.
What happens when the triangular fibrocartilage complex is damaged?
Instability
Pain
Limited motion at the wrist
What is the carrying angle?
~5 to 10 degrees in males and
~10 to 15 degrees in females allowing the arms to clear the hips during ambulation (walking or running)
What is a cubitus varus deformity?
When the forearm is deviated toward the midline
“gunstock deformity”
What is Lateral Epicondylitis (Tennis Elbow)
Inflammation of the wrist extensor tendons where they attach at the lateral epicondyle
Signs of Tennis Elbow (Lateral Epicondyle)
Pain with wrist EXTENSION motion
*(pouring coffee, brushing teeth ect.)
*Pain with palpation at the lateral epicondyle
Pain with resisted wrist extension with the elbow in extension
Pain with gripping or use of the dynamometer with the elbow extended
What is Medial Epiconylitis (Golfer’s Elbow)?
Inflammation of the tendons of the wrist flexors
Signs of Golfer’s Elbow (Medial Epicondylitis)
Pain with wrist motion, pulling from extension into FLEXION
pain with wrist flextion and pronation
Flexion Contractures of the Elbow
Can occur with long periods of immobilization
This can be due to a fractured bone or due posttraumatic heterotrophic ossification, osteophyte formation, spasticity or tightening of the anterior capsule
What is a healthy extension to flexion arc?
5 to 145 degrees of flexion
A functional arc is from -30 to 130 degrees of flexion, allowing an individual to use the keyboard, our from a pitcher and to complete ADLs.
What are provocative testing for the elbow?
Hook Test
Lateral Epicondylitis Test
Medial Epicondylitis Test
Triceps tendon palpation for distal triceps tendinopathy
