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PYB208 counselling theory and practice 1 > week 4: wave 1: psychoanalysis > Flashcards

week 4: wave 1: psychoanalysis Flashcards

1
Q

the case of Anna O

A

Anna was diagnosed with hysteria and was getting hypnotherapy and said to freud that talking helped her more which is what started the talking therapy

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2
Q

what drove psychoanalysis out of europe

A

hitler and stalin

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3
Q

how many feudian analysis immigrated to the US

A

50

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4
Q

what did freud do

A

helped move the treatment of mental illnesses from the asylum and hospital to the office

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5
Q

how many psychiatrists worked in hospitals in 1940

A

2/3

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6
Q

how much did psychiatrists working in hospitals decrease from 1940 to 1956

A

17% decrease

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7
Q

why did psychoanalysis die down in the 60s

A

social change (womens movement)
medical field (studies showed a low cure rate)
rise of medication
3rd edition of DSM in 1980 barely contained any Freudianism

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8
Q

what type of approach is the pyschoanalysis

A

the mordernist

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9
Q

what is the freudian outlook on human nature

A

deterministic

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10
Q

what is a deterministic outlook

A

it maintains that an individuals personality is fixed largely by the age of 6
people do not have free will but rather their behaviour is determined by innate drives that have to do with sex and aggression or love and death
a large emphasis on how one is raised by ones parents

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11
Q

what is a characteristic of a modernist approach

A

the idea of a personality

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12
Q

what are the drives freud believed with lived towards

A

drive towards life
drive towards death

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13
Q

what are the urges part of the subconscious that influence the way we go through the world

A

thanatos (death instinct)
eros/libido

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14
Q

what is eros/ libido

A

sexual drive/life instincts
human driving force, innate human urges
creative energies, motivation towards growth development and creativity

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15
Q

what is thanatos

A

death instinct
destructive energies/aggressive drive
managing the aggressive drive is a major challenge in human behaviour

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16
Q

what was freuds view on libido and death instinct

A

that they both operate in humans and determine what they do and why

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17
Q

what is consciousness

A

rational reality awareness

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18
Q

what is unconsciousness

A

dreams of symbolic representations of unconscious needs, inner conflicts, unfulfilled wishes, Id- superego conflicts, slips of the tongue, free association material, symbolic content of psychotic symptoms, repressed material

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19
Q

what is preconscious

A

habits, denial, habitual repetitive patterns we are semi-aware of

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20
Q

what does the Id do

A

instincts (the child)
eg. I want
ruled by the pleasure principle

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21
Q

what is do the ego do

A

rules by the reality principle (the parent)
eg. i will
the executive part of the personality, governs and controls and regulates personality
controls consciousness and checks and controls impulses from the id
seat of rational inteligence
distinguishes between inner and outer reality of experience

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22
Q

what does the superego do

A

morality (the parent)
eg. i should
judicial part of the personality
idealistic and moral intentions eg. good or bad and right or wrong thinking, striving for perfection internalisation of parental and societal values and aims

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23
Q

what is the goal of the id

A

seeks to reduce tension, avoiding pain and gaining pleasure

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24
Q

what is the goal of the superego

A

aims to inhibit the id impulses

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25
what psychic entity is the original system of personality at birth
the id
26
psychosexual development
oral (1st year) anal (1-3) phallic (3-6) latent (6-12) genital (12+)
27
what is the oral stage of psychosexual development
safety, love, fear, nurturing, can later be related to mistrust/rejection, ability or fear of forming trusting relationships
28
what is the anal stage of the psychosexual development
related to power, control, autonomy, learning, independence, express negative feelings, rage, aggression
29
what is the phallic stage of psychosexual development
related to sexual attitudes, gender identification, (parental attitudes to the childs emerging sexuality influences in adult life)
30
what is the latent stage of psychosexual development
development of social skills, friends, social identity
31
what is the development of genital stage in the psychosexual development
core characteristics of mature adulthood, creative investment of sexual energies into relationships, caring for others, education, profession, art music etc
32
ego defence mechanisms
projection reaction formation sublimation introjection compensation repression denial regression rationalisation identification displacement
33
what is projection
attributing unacceptable behaviour to others
34
what is reaction formation
expressing the opposite
35
what is sublimation
diverting psychic energies into more acceptable channels
36
what is introjection
internalising values from parents or teachers or therapists can be neg or pos
37
what is compensation
masking perceived weakness, making up for limitations in other areas (focusing on accomplishments rather than on weakness)
38
what is repression
exclusion from awareness
39
what is denial
denial or distortion of reality, fear of ego overwhelm
40
what is regression
reverting to an earlier life stage
41
what is rationalisation
finding reasons for explaining 'bruised ego'
42
what is identification
loss of personal identity
43
what is displacement
shifting to a safer target
44
types of resistance
changing topic, falling into silence, abandoning treatment
45
how do we support change
help release pent-up or repressed emotions/memories bring awareness to the unconscious or subconscious into the conscious enhance insight and deeper awareness appropriate/timely confrontation of clients' defense mechanisms sensitive application of techniques relate current aversive life experiences to unresolved psychic conflicts of the past
46
therapeutic techniques
free association dream analysis transference counter-transference resistance interpretation
47
what is free association technique
facilitation of uncensored revelations of clients thoughts and feelings
48
what is dream analysis technique
exploring the latent content of clients dreams
49
what is transference technique
working through the clients personal reactions to the therapist
50
counter-transference technique
therapists processing of his/her reaction to client
51
resistance technique
evidence of clients avoidance to develop
52
interpretation technique
therapist offering of deeper meanings and explanations to clients revelations `
53
what has happened to psychoanalysis
its evolved into psychodynamic
54
clinical evidence of the unconscious include
dreams slips of the tongue posthypnotic suggestions material derived from free-association techniques material derived from projective techniques the symbolic content of psychotic symptoms
55
what are dreams in regards of the psychoanalytical perspective
symbolic representation of unconscious needs, wishes and conflicts
56
what does freud believe regarding the unconscious
the unconscious stores all experiences, memories and repressed material
57
what concept is essential to the psychoanalytical approach
anxiety
58
types of psychoanalytical anxiety
reality anxiety neurotic anxiety moral anxiety
59
what is ego defence mechanism
ego-defence mechanisms help the individual cope with anxiety and prevent the ego from being overwhelmed. they are normal behaviours that can have adaptive value provided they dont become a style of life that enables the individual to avoid facing reality
60
types of ego-defence mechanisms
repression denial reaction formation projection displacement rationalisation sublimation regression introjection identification compensation
61
what is transference
transference is the clients unconscious shifting to the analyst of feelings, attitudes, and fantasies (both pos and neg) that are reactions to significant others in clients past
62
what does transference involve
the unconscious repetition of the past in the present
63
how does psychoanalytical/psychodynamic therapy differ from traditional therapy
- the therapy has more to limited objectives than restructuring ones personality - the therapist is less likely to use the couch - there are fewer sessions each week - there is more frequent use of supportive interventions such as reassurance, expressions of empathy and support, and suggestions - there is more emphasis on the here and now relationship between therapist and client - there is more latitude for therapist self-disclosure without polluting the transference - less emphasis is given to the therapists neutrality - there is a focus on mutual transference and countertrasnference enactments - the focus is more on pressing practical concerns than on working with fantasy material

PYB208 counselling theory and practice 1 (10 decks)

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