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PYB208 counselling theory and practice 1 > wave 5: social constuctionist > Flashcards

wave 5: social constuctionist Flashcards

1
Q

what is a common term used in social constructionist

A

maladjusted

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2
Q

what does social constructivism teach us

A

Social constructivism teaches that all knowledge develops as a result of social interaction and language use, and is therefore a shared, rather than an individual, experience

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3
Q

what is social constructivism orientated towards

A

the present into the future

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4
Q

what is social constructivism not orientated to

A

causes

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5
Q

what type of focus is social constructivism

A

solution and change focused

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6
Q

what does social constructivism focus on

A

resources and competence

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7
Q

what type of approach is social constructivism

A

collaborative
- client and therapist seen as experts

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8
Q

how is social constructivism driven

A

individual vs theory driven

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9
Q

what does managed health care demand for

A

outcome-based therapies

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10
Q

what are the social constructivism beliefs for people

A

people are healthy, competent and have developed abilities to construct solutions to enhance their lives
individuals already have innate abilities to manage lives challenges, sometimes we lose awareness/sense of direction/insight

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11
Q

how do people develop abilities to construct solutions to enhance their lives

A

from exercising resilience

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12
Q

where does social constructivism believe problems come from

A

individuals get bogged-down in past conflict
individuals become blocked from moving forward when focused on past/present problems

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13
Q

is assessing problems necessary for change

A

there is no necessary relationship between the cause of the problem and the solution, therefore its not necessary for change to occur

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14
Q

how does social constructivism believe people move on from these problems

A

they have less of a hold (or no hold) on people once the focus moves to what is possible (future focus)

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15
Q

how does social constructivism support change

A

taking the focus off the problem
eliciting competencies of the client
focusing on the clients preferred future
eliciting external resources that can support change
inviting self agency/action through developing concrete steps

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16
Q

techniques associated with social constructivism

A

hosting
pre-session change
goaling
exceptions
scaling questions
message/steps
coping

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17
Q

what is hosting

A

problem free talk

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18
Q

what is meant by pre-session change

A

eliciting what different since the appointment was made

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19
Q

what is goaling

A

finding out what the client wants to be different

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20
Q

how do you do goaling

A

using miracle questions and coping questions

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21
Q

what is exception

A

finding out times when the problem had less or no influence

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22
Q

what are scaling questions

A

measuring progress, motivation, willingness to change

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23
Q

what is meant by message/steps

A

planning concrete tasks

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24
Q

how do you use coping techniques

A

ask the client how they achieved a successful outcome
look for what is working or for what has worked in the past
eg. how come things are not worse? what stopped a total disaster from occurring? how have you managed to keep going spite of the problem?

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25
Q

what is scaling used for

A

designed to elicit feedback form the client and bring attention to changes/movement from problem situation towards their goal
eg. on a scale of 1-10….

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26
Q

how do we become who we are from a social constructivism perspective

A

we become who we are through relationships.
through the meaning we make of our perceptions of and interactions with each other

27
Q

who are the experts in our lives based on social constructivism

A

people are experts in their own lives and have their own meaning-making skills. We can make different stories of meanings of any particular event

28
Q

how do people make meaning from a social constructivism perspective

A

personal narratives or stories are the frames through which people make meaning

29
Q

what does social constructivism believe the problem is and isn’t

A

people are not problems and pathologising descriptions of people can collude with problem stories
the person is not the problem, the problem is the problem

30
Q

where are problems located from social constructivism

A

located in the larger socio-cultural context rather than inside of people

31
Q

how does identity develop based on social constructivism

A

identity is not fixed but rather develops over time
what we do creates a platform for wo we are becoming, we don’t have an essential identity

32
Q

how does social constructivism support change

A

it uses the storytelling metaphor to assist in framing social constructivism in the context of therapy by:
- deconstructing dominant discourses
- narrative therapy

33
Q

what type of therapy is used in social constructivism

A

narrative therapy

34
Q

what is narrative therapy

A

a type of therapy that can help you identify and reinterpret the stories you develop and carry with you

35
Q

what is the goal of narrative therapy

A

to separate the person from the problem

36
Q

how does narrative therapy support change

A

NT focuses on the way stories are shared in sequence, overtime, according to a dominant plot and while doing so:
listens for, and enquire about, alternate discourses (sub plots) in these stories in order to make visible the values, hopes, preferences that are ‘absent but implicit’ in the dominant story.

37
Q

what does narrative therapy create

A

conversational pathways to possibilities. Earnest curioristy and the art of creative, critical question, provides alternate routes to preferred identities

38
Q

what does narrative therapy believe

A

that there are many alternate stories that exist outside of the dominant stories that people share which can be the source of new meaning

39
Q

what therapeutic techniques are used in narrative therapy

A

double listening
externalising
scaffolding
re-authoring
re-telling

40
Q

what is double listening

A

hearing the persons problem (dominant story plots) while listening for initiatives/values/hopes (sub plot) implicit in their narration

41
Q

what is externalising

A

speaking in ways that separate problems/ideas/hopes from the person in order to give them space to view their relationship with these problem/idea/hope from a new perspective

42
Q

what is scaffolding

A

sequencing questions in ways that progressively enable the person to fist make meaning of the dominant store and then to re-author an alternate preferred story

43
Q

what is re-authoring

A

linking the subplots together to co-author an alternative narrative (a thickened preferred storyline)

44
Q

what is re-telling

A

offering editorials (summaries) throughout the conversation by cutting the dominant story and inviting the person to build on the new alternate story (continue thicken the new alternate story being told)

45
Q

what type of interaction is scaffolding

A

is an ongoing interaction between a person and some other speaker where the other speaker provides support contingent on the persons progress

46
Q

counselling and psychotherapy is rooted in

A

socio-political reform movements

47
Q

what is the mission of Counselling & Psychotherapy

A

to enhance the well-being and human dignity of many as well as to increase human rights, justice, and equal access to quality education, vocations, and healthcare

48
Q

how did traditional western counselling theories and practice view individuals

A

through an intrapsychic and apolitical lens; client problems nd challenges were assumed to be a function of biological, psychodynamic, emotional, cognitive, and/or behavioural deficits

49
Q

growth in research is showing that human development is linked to:

A

social, political, cultural and economical context

50
Q

what led to a challenge to revise theoretical models and to engage in prevention, client empowerment, advocacy, and social action

A

the idea that counsellors may be inadvertently perpetuating systemic oppression of their clients by providing one-on-one remediation therapy

51
Q

when can clinical work do more harm than good

A

when we dont have a good understanding of the systemic causes of many psychological problems and challenged the injustice inherence in social systems

52
Q

what is a social justice perspective in counselling

A

a social justice perspective in counselling acknowledges issues of power, privilege, and oppression

53
Q

what is the key factor for determining wellness and human dignity from social justice perspective

A

the environment is the key factor

54
Q

how is mental illness viewed in a social justice perspective

A

mental illness is viewed at rooted in social dysfunction rather than as primarily due to internal personal deficits or narratives

55
Q

what is multicultural counselling

A

the development of cultural competence with minority groups

56
Q

what did multicultural counselling discover

A

that not only were members of minority groups failing to take advantage of psychotherapy, but those who did didn’t last

57
Q

what are the core principles of the feminist theory

A

challenged naturalised accounts of gender, sees gender as a social construct, exposes how power operates through and within gender discourses
the personal is political
egalitarian relationship
privileging of womens experience
empowerment

58
Q

decolonising practice

A

challenges the imposition of eurocentric, cis-male, Christian or hetero-centric norms on counselling
move multiculturalism/cross cultural competency/humility and other diversity acknowledging frameworks from the peripheral into the centre of the counselling of the counselling discipline
suggests that multicultural practice can replicate power arrangements rather than transform them

59
Q

counselling practice can colonise by:

A

imposition of universalising, individualistic constructions of human behaviour (assessment, diagnosis and intervention)
negation of Aboriginal knowledge and practices (in services, practice and research)

60
Q

call to decolonise our counselling practice:

A

invitation to develop culturally safe practice- understand the complex interplay of power and privilege afforded by whiteness
recognising how we have all been affected by colonisation

61
Q

what is queer theory

A

a set of critical practices that challenges assumptions about gender, sex, sexuality, anatomy, and identity, and the relationships among these

62
Q

what does queer theory challenge

A

binary constructions

63
Q

what happens when we challenge binaries of any kind

A

we expose the assumptions that uphold them as culturally and historically contingent, rather than as ostensbilty universal and natural

64
Q

what happens when we deconstruct binaries that limit peoples way of being in the world

A

we open up possibilities for a proliferation of identities

PYB208 counselling theory and practice 1 (10 decks)

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