wave 5: social constuctionist Flashcards
what is a common term used in social constructionist
maladjusted
what does social constructivism teach us
Social constructivism teaches that all knowledge develops as a result of social interaction and language use, and is therefore a shared, rather than an individual, experience
what is social constructivism orientated towards
the present into the future
what is social constructivism not orientated to
causes
what type of focus is social constructivism
solution and change focused
what does social constructivism focus on
resources and competence
what type of approach is social constructivism
collaborative
- client and therapist seen as experts
how is social constructivism driven
individual vs theory driven
what does managed health care demand for
outcome-based therapies
what are the social constructivism beliefs for people
people are healthy, competent and have developed abilities to construct solutions to enhance their lives
individuals already have innate abilities to manage lives challenges, sometimes we lose awareness/sense of direction/insight
how do people develop abilities to construct solutions to enhance their lives
from exercising resilience
where does social constructivism believe problems come from
individuals get bogged-down in past conflict
individuals become blocked from moving forward when focused on past/present problems
is assessing problems necessary for change
there is no necessary relationship between the cause of the problem and the solution, therefore its not necessary for change to occur
how does social constructivism believe people move on from these problems
they have less of a hold (or no hold) on people once the focus moves to what is possible (future focus)
how does social constructivism support change
taking the focus off the problem
eliciting competencies of the client
focusing on the clients preferred future
eliciting external resources that can support change
inviting self agency/action through developing concrete steps
techniques associated with social constructivism
hosting
pre-session change
goaling
exceptions
scaling questions
message/steps
coping
what is hosting
problem free talk
what is meant by pre-session change
eliciting what different since the appointment was made
what is goaling
finding out what the client wants to be different
how do you do goaling
using miracle questions and coping questions
what is exception
finding out times when the problem had less or no influence
what are scaling questions
measuring progress, motivation, willingness to change
what is meant by message/steps
planning concrete tasks
how do you use coping techniques
ask the client how they achieved a successful outcome
look for what is working or for what has worked in the past
eg. how come things are not worse? what stopped a total disaster from occurring? how have you managed to keep going spite of the problem?
what is scaling used for
designed to elicit feedback form the client and bring attention to changes/movement from problem situation towards their goal
eg. on a scale of 1-10….
how do we become who we are from a social constructivism perspective
we become who we are through relationships.
through the meaning we make of our perceptions of and interactions with each other
who are the experts in our lives based on social constructivism
people are experts in their own lives and have their own meaning-making skills. We can make different stories of meanings of any particular event
how do people make meaning from a social constructivism perspective
personal narratives or stories are the frames through which people make meaning
what does social constructivism believe the problem is and isn’t
people are not problems and pathologising descriptions of people can collude with problem stories
the person is not the problem, the problem is the problem
where are problems located from social constructivism
located in the larger socio-cultural context rather than inside of people
how does identity develop based on social constructivism
identity is not fixed but rather develops over time
what we do creates a platform for wo we are becoming, we don’t have an essential identity
how does social constructivism support change
it uses the storytelling metaphor to assist in framing social constructivism in the context of therapy by:
- deconstructing dominant discourses
- narrative therapy
what type of therapy is used in social constructivism
narrative therapy
what is narrative therapy
a type of therapy that can help you identify and reinterpret the stories you develop and carry with you
what is the goal of narrative therapy
to separate the person from the problem
how does narrative therapy support change
NT focuses on the way stories are shared in sequence, overtime, according to a dominant plot and while doing so:
listens for, and enquire about, alternate discourses (sub plots) in these stories in order to make visible the values, hopes, preferences that are ‘absent but implicit’ in the dominant story.
what does narrative therapy create
conversational pathways to possibilities. Earnest curioristy and the art of creative, critical question, provides alternate routes to preferred identities
what does narrative therapy believe
that there are many alternate stories that exist outside of the dominant stories that people share which can be the source of new meaning
what therapeutic techniques are used in narrative therapy
double listening
externalising
scaffolding
re-authoring
re-telling
what is double listening
hearing the persons problem (dominant story plots) while listening for initiatives/values/hopes (sub plot) implicit in their narration
what is externalising
speaking in ways that separate problems/ideas/hopes from the person in order to give them space to view their relationship with these problem/idea/hope from a new perspective
what is scaffolding
sequencing questions in ways that progressively enable the person to fist make meaning of the dominant store and then to re-author an alternate preferred story
what is re-authoring
linking the subplots together to co-author an alternative narrative (a thickened preferred storyline)
what is re-telling
offering editorials (summaries) throughout the conversation by cutting the dominant story and inviting the person to build on the new alternate story (continue thicken the new alternate story being told)
what type of interaction is scaffolding
is an ongoing interaction between a person and some other speaker where the other speaker provides support contingent on the persons progress
counselling and psychotherapy is rooted in
socio-political reform movements
what is the mission of Counselling & Psychotherapy
to enhance the well-being and human dignity of many as well as to increase human rights, justice, and equal access to quality education, vocations, and healthcare
how did traditional western counselling theories and practice view individuals
through an intrapsychic and apolitical lens; client problems nd challenges were assumed to be a function of biological, psychodynamic, emotional, cognitive, and/or behavioural deficits
growth in research is showing that human development is linked to:
social, political, cultural and economical context
what led to a challenge to revise theoretical models and to engage in prevention, client empowerment, advocacy, and social action
the idea that counsellors may be inadvertently perpetuating systemic oppression of their clients by providing one-on-one remediation therapy
when can clinical work do more harm than good
when we dont have a good understanding of the systemic causes of many psychological problems and challenged the injustice inherence in social systems
what is a social justice perspective in counselling
a social justice perspective in counselling acknowledges issues of power, privilege, and oppression
what is the key factor for determining wellness and human dignity from social justice perspective
the environment is the key factor
how is mental illness viewed in a social justice perspective
mental illness is viewed at rooted in social dysfunction rather than as primarily due to internal personal deficits or narratives
what is multicultural counselling
the development of cultural competence with minority groups
what did multicultural counselling discover
that not only were members of minority groups failing to take advantage of psychotherapy, but those who did didn’t last
what are the core principles of the feminist theory
challenged naturalised accounts of gender, sees gender as a social construct, exposes how power operates through and within gender discourses
the personal is political
egalitarian relationship
privileging of womens experience
empowerment
decolonising practice
challenges the imposition of eurocentric, cis-male, Christian or hetero-centric norms on counselling
move multiculturalism/cross cultural competency/humility and other diversity acknowledging frameworks from the peripheral into the centre of the counselling of the counselling discipline
suggests that multicultural practice can replicate power arrangements rather than transform them
counselling practice can colonise by:
imposition of universalising, individualistic constructions of human behaviour (assessment, diagnosis and intervention)
negation of Aboriginal knowledge and practices (in services, practice and research)
call to decolonise our counselling practice:
invitation to develop culturally safe practice- understand the complex interplay of power and privilege afforded by whiteness
recognising how we have all been affected by colonisation
what is queer theory
a set of critical practices that challenges assumptions about gender, sex, sexuality, anatomy, and identity, and the relationships among these
what does queer theory challenge
binary constructions
what happens when we challenge binaries of any kind
we expose the assumptions that uphold them as culturally and historically contingent, rather than as ostensbilty universal and natural
what happens when we deconstruct binaries that limit peoples way of being in the world
we open up possibilities for a proliferation of identities
