week 4 review - parathyroid and cardiac

Question 1

all of the following are effects of PTH on the kidneys except:
- increase the reaborption of the renal tubular calcium
- increase in phosphate excretion
- enhance 1-alpha-hydroxylatoin of 25-hydroxy vitamin D
- increased water loss

Answer 1

increased water loss
- all of the others are actions to increase serum calcium levels

Question 2

rickets is a deficiency in vitamin D in children. What is the corresponding disease in adults

Answer 2

osteomalacia

Question 3

all of the following are funcitons of calcium except:
- blood coagulation
- nerve cell transmission
- intracellular adhesion
- muscle repolarization

Answer 3

muscle repolarization

Question 4

A patient was admitted to the critical care unit of a hospital after their lab values came back as abnormal. PTH values were very low, calcium levels were very high, and Vit D 25(OH) levels were extremely high. It is to be noted that the patient has recently had a change in diet and lifestyle, and the patient claimed historically having a very bad diet. Their general practitioner noted that the patient has recently been taking a large amount of vitamin supplements. Based on this information, what is the most likely cause for the lab values?

Answer 4

hypervitaminosis D
-results in overproduction of vitamin D -> increasing vitacmin D actions
- increasesf calcium indirectly

Question 5

This is the pathological state in which the heart fails to adequately supply the metabolic needs of the body, typically due to a decrease in pumping function.

Answer 5

heart failure

Question 6

Which test, if elevated, would provide information about risk for developing coronary artery disease?

Answer 6

hs-CRP

Question 7

Which sets of tests would be the most useful in diagnosing an AMI?

Answer 7

CK-MB, troponin, myoglobin

Question 8

These types of cardiac insults can result in cardiac injury and elevated cardiac biomarkers.

Answer 8

myocarditis
cardiomyopathies
wall stress
myocardial infarction