Week 4 Flashcards
What are the normal ranges of motion for shoulder flexion?
0-180 degrees
What is the normal range of motion for shoulder internal rotation?
0-70 degrees
What is the positioning for PROM shoulder flexion?
Supine with knees flexed
What is the goniometer alignment for shoulder flexion?
- Fulcrum: Close to A/C joint
- Proximal: Mid-axillary line of thorax
- Distal Arm: Humeral midline/lateral epicondyle
What is the positioning for PROM shoulder extension?
Prone with head facing away from the shoulder being tested
What is the goniometer alignment for shoulder abduction?
- Fulcrum: Anterior aspect of A/C process
- Proximal: Parallel to sternum/midline
- Distal Arm: Midline of humerus
What is the capsular pattern for the shoulder joint?
- External Rotation
- Abduction
- Internal Rotation
What is the normal range of motion for elbow flexion?
0-150 degrees
What is the goniometer alignment for elbow extension?
- Fulcrum: Lateral epicondyle of the humerus
- Proximal: Lateral midline of the humerus
- Distal Arm: Lateral midline of radius
What are the normal end-feels associated with elbow extension?
Hard (due to contact of the olecranon process and olecranon fossa)
What is the fulcrum location for goniometer alignment during elbow pronation?
Lateral to the ulnar styloid process.
What is the fulcrum location for goniometer alignment during elbow supination?
Medial to the ulnar styloid process.
What causes the firm end-feel in elbow supination?
- Tension of the palmar radioulnar ligament
- Oblique cord
- Interosseous membrane
- Pronator teres and pronator quadratus muscles
What is the greatest limitation of passive motion in the humeroulnar capsular pattern?
Elbow flexion.
What follows elbow flexion in the humeroulnar capsular pattern?
Elbow extension.
What is the normal range of motion for wrist flexion?
0-80 degrees.
What is the normal range of motion for wrist extension?
0-70 degrees.
What is the normal range of motion for radial deviation?
0-20 degrees.
What is the normal range of motion for ulnar deviation?
0-30 degrees.
What is the fulcrum location for goniometer alignment during wrist flexion?
Lateral aspect over wrist triquetrum.
What is the fulcrum location for goniometer alignment during wrist radial deviation?
Middle of the dorsal aspect of the capitate.
What is the capsular pattern for the radiocarpal joint?
= limitation flexion & extension.
What is the capsular pattern for the midcarpal joint?
Slight limitation of both radial and ulnar deviation.
What is the normal range of motion for hip flexion?
0-120 degrees.
What is the normal range of motion for hip extension?
0-30 degrees.
What is the normal range of motion for hip abduction?
0-45 degrees.
What is the normal range of motion for hip adduction?
0-30 degrees.
What is the normal range of motion for internal rotation of the hip?
0-45 degrees.
What is the normal range of motion for external rotation of the hip?
0-45 degrees.
What is the fulcrum location for goniometer alignment during hip flexion?
Aligned with greater trochanter.
What is the goniometer alignment for hip external rotation?
Fulcrum aligned with anterior aspect of the patella, proximal perpendicular to the floor, distal arm along the anterior midline of the lower leg.
What does a positive straight leg raise test indicate?
Gluteal or leg pain by passive straight leg flexion with the knee in extension, correlating with nerve root irritation.
What is the goniometer alignment for the straight leg raise test?
Fulcrum aligned with Greater Trochanter, proximal lateral midline of the pelvis, distal arm lateral midline of femur referencing lateral epicondyle.
What is the capsular pattern for the femoral head and acetabulum?
- Greatest limitation of Internal rotation 2. Limitation of Flexion and abduction 3. Slight limitation in Extension 4. No limitation of External Rotation or Adduction.
What pathologies may be indicated by a positive sign of buttock?
Osteomyelitis, chronic septic SI arthritis, ischiorectal abscess, septic bursitis, neoplasm of upper femur, fractured sacrum.
What is the normal range of motion for knee flexion?
0-135 degrees.
What is the mean value of knee flexion during activities of daily living while walking on a level surface?
0-63.1 degrees.
What is the capsular pattern for the knee?
Greater limitation of Flexion than Extension; no restriction of rotations.
What is the normal range of motion for ankle dorsiflexion?
0-20 degrees.
What is the goniometer alignment for ankle dorsiflexion?
Fulcrum: Lateral aspect of Lateral Malleolus; Proximal: Lateral midline of the fibula; Distal Arm: Parallel with the lateral aspect of the fifth metatarsal.
Plane Joints
-carpal joints in the wrist
-tarsal joints in the ankle
-facet joints in the spine
Hinge Joints
-knees, elbows, ankles
Ball and Socket
-shoulder
-hip
Saddle Joints
-sternoclavicular joint,
-incudomalleolar joint (inner ear)
-rapeziometacarpal joint.
Pivot Joint
-C1 and C2 rotation
-between the radius and ulna that rotate your forearm
