Week 3 Flashcards
What is Physiological (Osteokinematics) movement?
Movement of the shafts of bones. Measured in goniometry.
What is Accessory (Arthrokinematics) movement?
Movement of joint surfaces, described as slides (glides), spins, and rolls.
In goniometric measurement, what is the role of the proximal bone?
Stationary.
In goniometric measurement, what is the role of the distal bone?
Moves.
What types of tissues may cause pain during AROM?
- Contractile tissues (muscles, tendons)
- Non-contractile tissues (ligaments, joint capsules, bursa)
What is assessed with PROM?
- Integrity of articular surfaces
- Extensibility of the joint capsule, associated ligaments, and muscles
What are the three types of normal (physiological) end-feel?
- Soft: Soft tissue approximation
- Firm: Muscular stretch, capsular stretch, ligamentous stretch
- Hard: Bone-to-bone contact
What are the types of abnormal (pathological) end-feel?
- Soft (boggy)
- Firm
- Hard
- Empty
What is a non-capsular pattern of limitation?
Limitation of passive motion that does not correlate with proportionality of a capsular pattern.
What is the peak strength position for one-joint muscles?
Near completion of ROM, when the muscle is most fully shortened.
What is the peak strength position for two-joint muscles?
Mid-range of overall length.
What does the Vertebral Artery Test assess?
Vertebral artery competency during cervical extension and rotation.
What is a positive result in the Vertebral Artery Test?
Patient reports symptoms such as tinnitus, dizziness, or loss of consciousness.
What is the capsular pattern for the Atlanto-occipital joint?
Equal restriction of extension and side bending; rotation and flexion are not affected.
What is the goniometer alignment for cervical flexion?
- Fulcrum: External auditory meatus
- Proximal: Perpendicular or parallel to the ground
- Distal Arm: Base of nares
What is the goniometer alignment for cervical extension?
- Fulcrum: External auditory meatus
- Proximal: Perpendicular or parallel to the ground
- Distal Arm: Base of nares
What is the stabilization method for cervical AROM extension?
Shoulder girdle to prevent flexion of the thoracic spine
The back of a chair can be used for stabilization.
What is the fulcrum for measuring cervical AROM lateral flexion?
C7 vertebra
This is the point around which the goniometer is aligned for measuring lateral flexion.
What are the proximal and distal arm alignments for cervical AROM lateral flexion?
Proximal: Spinous processes of the C7 Distal: Dorsal midline of the head
Alignment is crucial for accurate measurement.
What is the fulcrum for measuring cervical AROM rotation?
Center of the cranial aspect of the head (Du20)
This point serves as the pivot for measuring rotation.
What is the alignment for thoracic/lumbar AROM flexion?
S1 to C7
This alignment is essential for measuring flexion accurately.
What is the normal range of motion for thoracic/lumbar flexion?
0-80 cm
This measurement is used in assessing AROM.
What is the capsular pattern for thoracic AROM?
Greater limitation of extension, lateral flexion, and rotation than forward flexion
This pattern indicates the typical restrictions in thoracic movement.
What is the method used to measure thoracic/lumbar AROM extension?
Schober Method
This method involves measuring distance changes between S1 and C7.
What is the significance of the thoracic facet alignment for AROM?
T1-6 facets in frontal plane limit flexion and extension;
T7-12 facets more in sagittal plane allow more flexion and extension
Understanding facet alignment helps in assessing movement restrictions.
What is the typical alignment for goniometer in thoracic/lumbar rotation?
Fulcrum: Over the cranial aspect of the head; Proximal: Parallel to an imaginary line between iliac crests; Distal: Align with imaginary line between acromion processes
Proper alignment ensures accurate measurement of rotation.
Fill in the blank: The normal range of motion for thoracic/lumbar rotation is ______.
0-45 degrees
This measurement is crucial for assessing rotational mobility.
What is the significance of using a tape measure in the Schober method?
To measure the distance and change in distance at end-range of AROM
This method provides a quantitative assessment of spinal mobility.
Identify the correct definition for the manual muscle testing grade 3/5 (fair).
c. Holds Test position (no added pressure)
