Week 4

Question 1

True or False:

Spartan women could inherit AND own land

Answer 1

TRUE

Question 2

What did others criticize Spartan women for?

Answer 2

Roaming around nude

Question 3

Who are our sources for early Athens?

Answer 3

• Solon
• Herodotus
• Thucydides
• Aristotle

Question 4

What was the only Mycenaean settlement NOT to be invaded by the Sea Peoples?

Answer 4

Athens

Question 5

Why do the early Athenians consider themselves to be the saviours of civilization?

Answer 5

Because they were the only Mycenaeans not to be conquered by the Sea Peoples

Question 6

When does Synoikisimos occur in Athens?

Answer 6

800 BC

Question 7

What was the elite Athenian class claiming heroic descent?

Answer 7

Eupatridai

Question 8

What is the word for the Ionian clans?

Answer 8

Phyle

Question 9

What is the name for a military unit?

Answer 9

Phratre

Question 10

What was the name for those who fell into debt-bondage?

Answer 10

Hektomoroi

Question 11

What did the hektomoroi have to do when in debt?

Answer 11

Give 1/6th of their crops to their debt master

Question 12

Who eliminated debt bondage in Athens?

Answer 12

Solon

Question 13

In what year did Solon abolish debt-bondage?

Answer 13

594

Question 14

What was the supreme court of Athens?

Answer 14

Heliaia

Question 15

Which tyrant helps Cylon in his coup?

Answer 15

Theagenes of Megara (his father in law)

Question 16

Which ancient source said that Cylon was slaughtered by Megacles?

Answer 16

Plutarch

Question 17

What is anachronistic about the historical writings of Draco’s lawcode?

Answer 17

• Cash money wasn’t invented yet

Question 18

How is Drako’s lawcode an improvement on homicide jurisdiction?

Answer 18

• Drako is the first to diffrienciate intentional and non-intentional homicides

Question 19

Drako’s lawcode is said to have been written in _________ instead of ink.

Answer 19

blood

Question 20

True or False:

Nearly all crimes in Drako’s law code had the penalty of death

Answer 20

TRUE

Question 21

In what 3 ways does Drako’s law code influence society at the time?

Answer 21

– written code decreased Eupatrids’ power of arbitrary recollection
and application of oral laws

– state replaces kin as arbiter

– fixed principles for justice, for sentencing

Question 22

True or False

Drako’s laws help the poor majority

Answer 22

FALSE

Question 23

What is Solon’s term for the freeing of debt slaves and the abolition of debt slavery?

Answer 23

Seisactheia

Question 24

Solon institutes the Council of ________

Answer 24

400

Question 25

Who abolished nearly all of Drako's laws?

Answer 25

Solon

Question 26

Who switched the Athenian weight standard?

Answer 26

Solon

Question 27

What did Solon change the Athenian coinage weight standard to?

Answer 27

From Aegintenean to Euboean

Question 28

What were Solon's 4 economic reforms?

Answer 28

- Switched Athenian weight standard - Pushes Athenians to learn trades - Gives citizenship to immigrant craftsmen - Prohibits the export of wheat

Question 29

During Solon's rule, only ________ was allowed to be exported.

Answer 29

Olive Oil

Question 30

What pottery style takes over the previously popular Corinthian styles?

Answer 30

Athenian Black Figure

Question 31

Who were the Pentakosiomedimnoi?

Answer 31

- citizens who produced over 500 bushels of wheat in Solon's census system - Eligible to run for all magistrates and TREASURER

Question 32

What were those who produced 200 or fewer bushels of wheat called in Solon's census?

Answer 32

Thetes - Can't run for any positions - BUT, can vote and participate in jury service

Question 33

Why did Solon fail?

Answer 33

- Because he was a middle man - You can't be in the middle, because then you can't give either side their full desires

Question 34

Why did the Persians choose the land at Marathon in 490 BC?

Answer 34

- Because Peisistratus was from Marathon - And Peististratus' son, Hippias, commanded the Persians, so they thought it would be a local friendly port

Question 35

How many times was Peisistratus tyrant?

Answer 35

3

Question 36

Why did Solon hate Peisistratus?

Answer 36

- Because Solon was a middle man who wanted to please all ends of society - And Peisistratus was a populist who sidelined the aristocrats

Question 37

Which polis was the first to have coins?

Answer 37

Aegina (turtle coins) 550 BC

Question 38

What was the official name of the "Blue Beard Temple" on the Acropolis?

Answer 38

Athena Polias III

Question 39

Who was the mythological king who founded Athens?

Answer 39

Cecrops (half man, half snake)

Question 40

The Olympeion took _______ years to build

Answer 40

700

Question 41

Who began the construction of the Olympeion?

Answer 41

Peisistratus

Question 42

Who were the Tyrannicides?

Answer 42

Harmodion and Aristogeiton

Question 43

Explain the story of the Tyrannicides

Answer 43

- The Tyrant Hippias' brother, Hipparchus fell in love with Harmodius - But, Harmodius was already in love with Aristogeiton, so refused Hipparchus humiliatignly - In revenge, Hipparchus invited Harmodius' sister to be a kanephoros at the Pan-Athenaic games procession, only to publicaly turn her away on the grounds that she was not a virgin - So, Harmodius and his lover Aristogeiton assasinate Hipparchus

Question 44

What caused Hippias' regime to tighten and become more extreme and repressive?

Answer 44

The murder of his brother Hipparchus by the Tyrranicdes

Question 45

Which Spartan King was called to remove Hippias from Athens?

Answer 45

Kleomenes I

Question 46

What do the Spartans realize about their command structure while besieging Hippias?

Answer 46

- It was way harder than it should have been - Why? The two kings had joint command and disagreed - Solution: From now on, only one king goes to war, the other stays home

Question 47

Cleisthenes declares all Athenians his __________

Answer 47

hetaroi (comrades)

Question 48

Cleisthenes introduces the Council of __________

Answer 48

500

Question 49

How was Cleisthenes' council of 500 picked?

Answer 49

At random (from any social class)

Question 50

What was Cleisthenes' Demokratia constitution?

Answer 50

- All Athenians are now hetaroi of Cleisthenes Cleisthenes divides Athenians into: - 10 Tribes - 30 Trittytes - 100-200 demoi -Council of 500 is created - Elections of Strategos, Taxiarchos and Hipparchos for each of the 10 tribes

Question 51

Who founded the Agora in 500 BC?

Answer 51

Cleisthenes

Question 52

Where did Cleisthenes found the new Agora?

Answer 52

On top of the ruins of Peisistratus' palace that he destroyed

Question 53

Where were Drako and Solons' laws proclaimed?

Answer 53

Stoa Basileus

Question 54

What are the Agora boundary markers known as?

Answer 54

Thoros