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GREEK > Week 4 > Flashcards

Week 4 Flashcards

1
Q

True or False:

Spartan women could inherit AND own land

A

TRUE

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2
Q

What did others criticize Spartan women for?

A

Roaming around nude

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3
Q

Who are our sources for early Athens?

A
  • Solon
  • Herodotus
  • Thucydides
  • Aristotle
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4
Q

What was the only Mycenaean settlement NOT to be invaded by the Sea Peoples?

A

Athens

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5
Q

Why do the early Athenians consider themselves to be the saviours of civilization?

A

Because they were the only Mycenaeans not to be conquered by the Sea Peoples

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6
Q

When does Synoikisimos occur in Athens?

A

800 BC

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7
Q

What was the elite Athenian class claiming heroic descent?

A

Eupatridai

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8
Q

What is the word for the Ionian clans?

A

Phyle

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9
Q

What is the name for a military unit?

A

Phratre

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10
Q

What was the name for those who fell into debt-bondage?

A

Hektomoroi

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11
Q

What did the hektomoroi have to do when in debt?

A

Give 1/6th of their crops to their debt master

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12
Q

Who eliminated debt bondage in Athens?

A

Solon

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13
Q

In what year did Solon abolish debt-bondage?

A

594

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14
Q

What was the supreme court of Athens?

A

Heliaia

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15
Q

Which tyrant helps Cylon in his coup?

A

Theagenes of Megara (his father in law)

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16
Q

Which ancient source said that Cylon was slaughtered by Megacles?

A

Plutarch

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17
Q

What is anachronistic about the historical writings of Draco’s lawcode?

A
  • Cash money wasn’t invented yet
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18
Q

How is Drako’s lawcode an improvement on homicide jurisdiction?

A
  • Drako is the first to diffrienciate intentional and non-intentional homicides
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19
Q

Drako’s lawcode is said to have been written in _________ instead of ink.

A

blood

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20
Q

True or False:

Nearly all crimes in Drako’s law code had the penalty of death

A

TRUE

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21
Q

In what 3 ways does Drako’s law code influence society at the time?

A

– written code decreased Eupatrids’ power of arbitrary recollection
and application of oral laws

– state replaces kin as arbiter

– fixed principles for justice, for sentencing

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22
Q

True or False

Drako’s laws help the poor majority

A

FALSE

23
Q

What is Solon’s term for the freeing of debt slaves and the abolition of debt slavery?

A

Seisactheia

24
Q

Solon institutes the Council of ________

A

400

25
Q

Who abolished nearly all of Drako’s laws?

A

Solon

26
Q

Who switched the Athenian weight standard?

A

Solon

27
Q

What did Solon change the Athenian coinage weight standard to?

A

From Aegintenean to Euboean

28
Q

What were Solon’s 4 economic reforms?

A
  • Switched Athenian weight standard
  • Pushes Athenians to learn trades
  • Gives citizenship to immigrant craftsmen
  • Prohibits the export of wheat
29
Q

During Solon’s rule, only ________ was allowed to be exported.

A

Olive Oil

30
Q

What pottery style takes over the previously popular Corinthian styles?

A

Athenian Black Figure

31
Q

Who were the Pentakosiomedimnoi?

A
  • citizens who produced over 500 bushels of wheat in Solon’s census system
  • Eligible to run for all magistrates and TREASURER
32
Q

What were those who produced 200 or fewer bushels of wheat called in Solon’s census?

A

Thetes

  • Can’t run for any positions
  • BUT, can vote and participate in jury service
33
Q

Why did Solon fail?

A
  • Because he was a middle man
  • You can’t be in the middle, because then you can’t give either side their full desires
34
Q

Why did the Persians choose the land at Marathon in 490 BC?

A
  • Because Peisistratus was from Marathon
  • And Peististratus’ son, Hippias, commanded the Persians, so they thought it would be a local friendly port
35
Q

How many times was Peisistratus tyrant?

A

3

36
Q

Why did Solon hate Peisistratus?

A
  • Because Solon was a middle man who wanted to please all ends of society
  • And Peisistratus was a populist who sidelined the aristocrats
37
Q

Which polis was the first to have coins?

A

Aegina (turtle coins) 550 BC

38
Q

What was the official name of the “Blue Beard Temple” on the Acropolis?

A

Athena Polias III

39
Q

Who was the mythological king who founded Athens?

A

Cecrops (half man, half snake)

40
Q

The Olympeion took _______ years to build

A

700

41
Q

Who began the construction of the Olympeion?

A

Peisistratus

42
Q

Who were the Tyrannicides?

A

Harmodion and Aristogeiton

43
Q

Explain the story of the Tyrannicides

A
  • The Tyrant Hippias’ brother, Hipparchus fell in love with Harmodius
  • But, Harmodius was already in love with Aristogeiton, so refused Hipparchus humiliatignly
  • In revenge, Hipparchus invited Harmodius’ sister to be a kanephoros at the Pan-Athenaic games procession, only to publicaly turn her away on the grounds that she was not a virgin
  • So, Harmodius and his lover Aristogeiton assasinate Hipparchus
44
Q

What caused Hippias’ regime to tighten and become more extreme and repressive?

A

The murder of his brother Hipparchus by the Tyrranicdes

45
Q

Which Spartan King was called to remove Hippias from Athens?

A

Kleomenes I

46
Q

What do the Spartans realize about their command structure while besieging Hippias?

A
  • It was way harder than it should have been
  • Why? The two kings had joint command and disagreed
  • Solution: From now on, only one king goes to war, the other stays home
47
Q

Cleisthenes declares all Athenians his __________

A

hetaroi (comrades)

48
Q

Cleisthenes introduces the Council of __________

A

500

49
Q

How was Cleisthenes’ council of 500 picked?

A

At random (from any social class)

50
Q

What was Cleisthenes’ Demokratia constitution?

A
  • All Athenians are now hetaroi of Cleisthenes

Cleisthenes divides Athenians into:
- 10 Tribes
- 30 Trittytes
- 100-200 demoi

-Council of 500 is created
- Elections of Strategos, Taxiarchos and Hipparchos for each of the 10 tribes

51
Q

Who founded the Agora in 500 BC?

A

Cleisthenes

52
Q

Where did Cleisthenes found the new Agora?

A

On top of the ruins of Peisistratus’ palace that he destroyed

53
Q

Where were Drako and Solons’ laws proclaimed?

A

Stoa Basileus

54
Q

What are the Agora boundary markers known as?

A

Thoros

GREEK (12 decks)

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