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Biology > Week 4 > Flashcards

Week 4 Flashcards

1
Q

Haploid

A

One complete set of genes, one complete set of chromosomes (Gametes are haploid)

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2
Q

Diploid

A

Two complete sets of genes, two complete sets of chromosomes (Zygotes and multicellular organisms are diploid)

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3
Q

Character or trait

A

A potential or quality in an organism

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4
Q

Hybrid

A

The offspring of two different varieties

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5
Q

Monohybrid cross

A

Studying the inheritance of a single character in hybridization experiment

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6
Q

P (parental generation)

A

Starting point for experiment

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7
Q

F1 (first filial generation)

A

Offspring of P generation

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8
Q

Gene

A

A sequence of genetic material (DNA)

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9
Q

Locus

A

The place on a chromosome where a gene is located

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10
Q

Allele

A

One form of a gene found at a particular locus

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11
Q

How many alleles does a haploid have

A

One allele at each locus

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12
Q

How many alleles does a diploid have

A

Having two alleles at each locus

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13
Q

Homozygous

A

The two alleles at a particular locus are the same

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14
Q

Heterozygous

A

The two alleles at a particular locus are different

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15
Q

Dominant

A

An allele that is fully expressed in a heterozygote

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16
Q

Recessive

A

An allele that is not expressed at all in a heterozygote

17
Q

Genotype

A

The specific alleles that an organism has

18
Q

Phenotype

A

The character that the organism has

19
Q

Codominant

A

Both alleles are fully expressed in a heterozygote

20
Q

Incomplete dominate

A

Both alleles contribute partially to the phenotype in a heterozygote

21
Q

Di hybrid cross

A

A hybridization experiment in which the inheritance of two traits is studied

22
Q

Pleiotropy

A

The genotype at a single locus influences more than 1 trait

23
Q

Loci and alleles are found in

A

Chromosomes

24
Q

Human sex determination

A

Sex chromosomes, autosomes (22 autosomes and 1 sex chromosome)

25
Q

Oogenesis

A

Making eggs in the female reproduction system
Oogonium becomes primary oocyte which becomes secondary oocyte which becomes ootid which becomes ovum

26
Q

Spermatogenesis

A

Spermatogonium becomes primary spermatocyte, secondary spermatocytes which becomes spermatids which becomes spermatozoa

Biology (14 decks)

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