Week 4

Question 1

What is a change agent?

Answer 1

an individual who has formal or informal power and whose purpose is to direct and guide change. This person identifies a vision and rationale for the change and is a role model for nurses and other health care personnel

Question 2

Describe Lewin’s Unfreeze-Change-Refreeze Model

Answer 2

Stage 1 is Unfreeze, which involves letting go and overcoming resistance. In this stage disequilibrium and a disruption to the system occur. Stage 2 is change, in which a change in thoughts, feelings, or behaviour occurs, and the nurse looks at persuading others and connecting with leaders who have the power to make change. Stage 3 is freeze, in which the change is established as the new normal.

Question 3

Describe the theory of planned change.

Answer 3

This theory describes the role of nurse leader when it comes to change.
1. Diagnosing the problem
2. Assessing the motivation and capacity for change in the system.
3. Assessing the resources and motivation of the change agent
4. Establishing change objectives and strategies
5. Determining the role of the change agent
6. Maintaining the change
7. Gradually terminating the helping relationship as the change becomes part of the organizational culture

Question 4

Phases of change

Answer 4

1. Building a relationship
2. Diagnosing the problem
3. Acquire resources for change
4. Selecting a pathway for the solution
5. Establishing and accepting change
6. Maintenance and separation

Question 5

Describe innovation diffusion theory

Answer 5

Discusses the spread of new ideas and technologies
Innovators
Early adopters (target)
Early majority (target)
Late majority
Laggards

Question 6

3 Change Strategies

Answer 6

Power coercive: Based on application of power through legitimate authority
Empirical rational: If people have the knowledge regarding the change and perceive it is rational or beneficial, they will make the change
Normative-reeducative: linking social norms and values with the change