Week 3 Lecture 4 Joints

Question 1

What are Skull Sutures?

Answer 1

They are immovable fibrous joints that bind the skull bones together

Question 2

4 types of Sutures?

Answer 2

Coronal, Sagittal, Lambdoid and Squamous Sutures

Question 3

What is Cartilaginous Joint – Synchondrosis?

Answer 3

Is an immovable joint (synarthrosis) in which the material connecting the articulating surfaces is hyaline cartilage.

Question 4

What is Cartilaginous Joint – Symphysis?

Answer 4

is a slightly movable joint (amphiarthrosis) in which the articulating surfaces of the articulating bones are covered with hyaline cartilage and the bones are attached together by a layer.

Question 5

Example of Symphysis?

Answer 5

Pubic symphysis or Intervertebral discs

Question 6

What are Synovial Joints?

Answer 6

Joins bones with a fibrous joint capsule that is continuous with the periosteum of the joined bones,

Question 7

What are the different types of Synovial Joints?

Answer 7

Ball and socket joint, Condyloid joint, Plane joint, Saddle joint, Hinge joint and Pivot joint.

Question 8

What is a Hinge Joint?

Answer 8

Hinge joints are formed between two or more bones where the bones can only move along one axis to flex or extend.

Question 9

What is a Pivot Joint?

Answer 9

The Pivot Joint is a freely moveable joint (diarthrosis) that allows only rotary movement around a single axis. The moving bone rotates within a ring that is formed from a second bone and adjoining ligament.

Question 10

What is a Condyloid or Ellipsoidal Joint?

Answer 10

is an ovoid articular surface, or condyle that is received into an elliptical cavity.

Question 11

What is a Saddle Joint?

Answer 11

is a synovial joint where one of the bones forming the joint is shaped like a saddle with the other bone resting on it like a rider on a horse.

Question 12

What is a Plane Joint?

Answer 12

Is a mating surfaces that are slightly curved and may be either ovoid or sellar.

Question 13

Example of a Plane Joint?

Answer 13

They are joints between the metacarpal bones of the hand and those between the cuneiform bones of the foot.

Question 14

Example of a Saddle Joint?

Answer 14

Carpometacarpal joint of the thumb

Question 15

Example of a Condyloid or Ellipsoidal Joint?

Answer 15

The Wrist Joint

Question 16

Example of a Pivot Joint?

Answer 16

The first and second vertebrae of the neck that allows the head to move back and forth.

Question 17

Example of a Hinge Joint?

Answer 17

Knee, Elbow or Ankle Joints

Question 18

What is a Ball and Socket Joint?

Answer 18

It is the ball-shaped surface of one rounded bone fits into the cup-like depression of another bone

Question 19

Example of a Ball and Socket Joint?

Answer 19

Hip Joint

Question 20

What is the Anatomical Position?

Answer 20

Standing upright
Facing the observer, head level
Eyes facing forward
Feet flat on the floor
Arms at the sides
Palms turned forward (ventral)

Question 21

What does Proximal mean?

Answer 21

Towards the trunk

Question 22

What does Distal mean?

Answer 22

Away from the trunk

Question 23

What does Posterior/dorsal mean?

Answer 23

Towards the back

Question 24

What does Anterior/ventral mean?

Answer 24

Towards the front

Question 25

What are the 3 principal planes?

Answer 25

Sagittal
Frontal (coronal)
Transverse (cross-sectional or horizontal)

Question 26

What are the 3 Axis?

Answer 26

Frontal
Sagittal
Vertical

Question 27

What is Adduction & Abduction?

Answer 27

Adducting is towards the midline & Abducting is away from the midline

Question 28

What combines with Circumduction?

Answer 28

Flexion
Extension
Adduction
Abduction

Question 29

What’s a Fibrous Joint?

Answer 29

They are connections between bones that are held together by fibrous connective tissue that includes many collagen fibres.

Question 30

What is Gomphoses?

Answer 30

The attachment of the roots of the teeth within the sockets of the alveolar processes of the lower-jaw (mandible) and upper-jaw (maxillae)

Question 31

What does Ligaments do?

Answer 31

Join bone to bone and act as ropes connected at their ends and They limit (restrict) movements by tightening