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Human Structure and Function > Nervous Systems > Flashcards

Nervous Systems Flashcards

1
Q

What are the 3 functions of the Nervous System?

A

Sensory Input
Integration
Motor Output

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2
Q

What is the Central Nervous System?

A

It’s the integrative and control centre of the nervous system

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3
Q

What does the Central Nervous System consist of?

A

Brain & Spinal Cord

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4
Q

What is the Peripheral Nervous System?

A

Is composed of all the nervous structures located outside of the CNS

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5
Q

What does the Peripheral Nervous System consist of?

A

Spinal & Cranial Nerves

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6
Q

What are the 2 divisions of the Peripheral Nervous System?

A

Sensory (afferent) division

Motor (efferent) division

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7
Q

What is the Autonomic Nervous System?

A

It’s a control system that acts largely unconsciously and regulates bodily functions such as the heart rate, digestion, respiratory rate, pupillary response, urination, and sexual arousal.

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8
Q

What do the neurons for Autonomic Nervous System do?

A

Innervate smooth and cardiac muscle and glands.
Make adjustments to ensure optimal support for body activities.
Operate via subconscious control.

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9
Q

The role of the Sympathetic division for ANS?

A

Mobilizes the body during activity; is the “fight-or-flight” system
Promotes adjustments during exercise, or when threatened

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10
Q

The role of the Parasympathetic for ANS?

A

Promotes maintenance activities and conserves body energy

Its activity is illustrated in a person who relaxes, reading, after a meal

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11
Q

What are the 2 Motor (efferent) Division of PNS?

A

Somatic (voluntary) nervous system

Autonomic (involuntary) nervous system

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12
Q

What are the 3 type of neurons?

A

Sensory (afferent)
Motor (efferent)
Interneurons (association neurons)

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13
Q

What are the 2 neuronal junctions?

A

Electrical

Chemical

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14
Q

What is Ependymal?

A

The ventricles of the brain and the central canal of the spinal cord are lined with ependymal cells.

They form tight junctions and control the exchange of substances between these regions and surrounding nervous tissue or cerebrospinal fluid

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15
Q

What are Satellite cells?

A

Surround neuron cell bodies in the PNS

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16
Q

What is Schwann cells (neurolemmocytes)?

A

Surround peripheral nerve fibers and form myelin sheaths

The myelin sheath formed by the Schwann cell insulates the axon and improves its ability to conduct

17
Q

What type of Neurogila cells are there?

A 
Astrocytes (CNS)
Microglia (CNS)
Ependymal cells (CNS)
Oligodendrocytes (CNS)
Satellite cells (PNS)
Schwann cells (PNS)
18
Q

What is the function of a Neurogila cell?

A

Supporting Cells

19
Q

What is synapse?

A

A junction that mediates information transfer from one neuron

20
Q

Function of synapse?

A

To another neuron, or

To an effector cell

Human Structure and Function (21 decks)

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