The Heart Flashcards
How does the Heart receive blood?
From the Coronary Arteries
What Stops Coronary Circulation?
Angina Pectoris - Thoracic pain or Spasms of Coronal Artery Myocardial infarction (heart attack)
What are the Chemical Regulation’s of the Heart Rate?
Hormones
Intra- and extracellular ion concentrations
Toxins
What are the Cardiac Toxins?
Digitoxin (Foxglove)
Oleandrin
What is the Circulatory System?
Circulatory systems link exchange surfaces with cells throughout the body
What is a Closed Circulatory System?
In closed circulatory systems the blood is contained in a system of vessels
What is double Circulation?
Double circulation maintains higher blood pressure in the organs than does single circulation
Location of the heart?
Mediastinum between second rib and fifth
Blood supply to the heart?
Arterial supply varies considerably and contains many anastomoses (junctions) among branches
What is Angina pectoris?
Thoracic pain caused by a transient deficiency in blood delivery to the myocardium
What is Myocardial infarction (heart attack)?
Prolonged coronary blockage
What are the 3 parts of the Heart Wall?
Epicardium
Myocardium
Endocardium
What are the chambers of the Heart?
Two Atria - Right Atrium & Left Atrium
Two Ventricles - Right & Left
What are the 2 Heart Valves?
Atrioventricular (AV) valves
Semilunar (SL) valves
What is the Stroke Volume of the Heart?
It’s the amount of blood pumped in a single contraction (≈70mL)
What is the Cardiac Output of the heart?
It’s the volume of blood pumped into the systemic circulation per minute and depends on both the heart rate and stroke volume (≈5-6L)
Where is the Radial Pulse?
Wrist
Where is the Brachial Pulse?
Elbow front side
Where is the Femoral Pulse?
Upper Thigh between the Anterior Superior Iliac Spine and the Symphysis Pubis
Where is the Carotid Pulse?
Neck
