Week 3

Question 1

________________ is a ratio used to express the safety zone for dosage of a
drug

Answer 1

Therapeutic index

Question 2

_____________ is the actual plasma concentrations limits that a drug can
be at in the patient

Answer 2

Therapeutic range

Question 3

Metabolism is also known as _____________?

Answer 3

Biotransformation

Question 4

__________________ is the ability of the living organism to modify
the chemical structure of drug

Answer 4

Metabolism

Question 5

______________ refers to the elimination of the drug from the
body

Answer 5

Excretion

Question 6

Excretion cannot occur unless a drug is in _____________________

Answer 6

Water
Soluable Form (biotransformation)

Question 7

Water soluble drugs do not need to be ____________________ in order to be excreted

Answer 7

Biotransformed (metabolized)

Question 8

____________________ is the time interval required for the plasma
concentration to half of its peak concentration

Answer 8

Half-life

Question 9

Adverse drug
effect examples:

Answer 9

Nausea & Vomiting

Question 10

Adverse drug
event examples:

Answer 10

• Cardiac changes
• Visual changes

Question 11

Adverse drug
Reaction example:

Answer 11

Anaphylaxis

Question 12

_____________________________ is the minimum quantity of the drug require to
exert pharmacologic action on the body

Answer 12

Minimum Effective Concentration (MEC)

Question 13

What is MEC?

Answer 13

Minimum Effective Concentration

Question 14

Predicted pharmacological effect is a _____________ effect

Answer 14

Local effect

Question 15

Non-Pharmacological Adverse effect is a ______________ effect

Answer 15

Systemic Effect

Question 16

__________________ the process by which a drug passes from its site of administration into fluids of the body that will take it to the
site of action

Answer 16

Absorption

Question 17

______________ involves the transport of drug molecules within the
body from the site of absorption to the site of drug
action

Answer 17

Distribution

Question 18

Oral drug go to the liver first and the liver starts breaking
down the drug. This phenomenon is known as the ______________?

Answer 18

First pass effect

Question 19

Drugs bound to protein are pharmacologically __________; they do not leave the blood stream

Answer 19

Inactive

Question 20

Drugs bound to _______________ have longer duration of action in the body than unbound drugs.

Answer 20

Plasma proteins

Question 21

Protein binding ________ drug metabolism, thus reducing the risk of drug toxicity

Answer 21

Slows

Question 22

Lipid drugs form a complex with the plasma protein ____________?

Answer 22

Albumin

Question 23

Metabolism occurs in one of 3 organs:

Answer 23

1. LIVER
2. KIDNEY
3. LUNGS

Question 24

The main goal of the body is to convert a drug to a form that can be ___________ from the body

Answer 24

Removed

Question 25

Metabolism of a drug can produce ________ metabolites and __________ metabolites

Answer 25

1. Active
2. Inactive

Question 26

__________ metabolites – can exert pharmacologic effect of cells

Answer 26

Active

Question 27

__________ metabolites – have no pharmacologic activity

Answer 27

Inactive

Question 28

Most drugs are metabolized by enzymes in the liver called __________________ or
______________________?

Answer 28

cytochrome P450 (CYP) system
or microsomal enzymes system.

Question 29

Rate of metabolism is decrease in _________ and the elderly

Answer 29

Infants

Question 30

Rate of metabolism is decrease in the presence of impaired ___________ and low _______________

Answer 30

1. blood flow
2. protein intake

Question 31

Excretion cannot occur unless a drug is in _______________ form

Answer 31

Water soluble

Question 32

Water soluble drugs do not need to be _________________ in order to be excreted

Answer 32

biotransformed (metabolised)